Evaluation of early cerebral metabolic, perfusion and microstructural changes in HCV-positive patients: A pilot study

Bladowska, Joanna; Zimny, Anna; Knysz, Brygida; Małyszczak, Krzysztof; Kołtowska, Anna; Szewczyk, P.; Gąsiorowski, Jacek; Furdal, Michał; Sąsiadek, Marek

doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2013.05.008

Cited by 65 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Supporting this hypothesis, smaller WM volumes have been observed among PHIV youth [32]. Adults with Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection also exhibit lower FA and higher MD compared to healthy controls [47], suggesting that different types of chronic peripheral infections and inflammation may result in similar profiles of WM microstructure abnormalities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

White matter microstructure among youth with perinatally acquired HIV is associated with disease severity

Uban

Herting

Williams

et al. 2015

Aids

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Objectives We investigated whether HIV disease severity was associated with alterations in structural brain connectivity, and whether those alterations in turn were associated with cognitive deficits in youth with perinatally-acquired HIV (PHIV). Design PHIV youth (n=40) from the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study (PHACS) (mean age: 16±2 yrs) were included to evaluate how current and past disease severity measures (recent/nadir CD4%; peak viral load) relate to white matter (WM) microstructure within PHIV youth. PHIV youth were compared to 314 controls from the Pediatric Imaging, Neurocognition, and Genetics (PING) study. Methods Diffusion tensor imaging and tractography were utilized to assess WM microstructure. Mediation analyses were conducted to examine whether microstructure alterations contributed to relationships between higher disease severity and specific cognitive domains in PHIV youth. Results Whole brain fractional anisotropy (FA) was reduced, but radial (RD) and mean (MD) diffusivity were increased, in PHIV compared to control youth. Within PHIV youth, more severe past HIV disease was associated with reduced FA of the right inferior fronto-occipital (IFO) and left uncinate tracts; elevated MD of the F minor; and increased streamlines comprising the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF). Associations of higher peak viral load with lower working memory performance were partly mediated by reductions in right IFO FA levels. Conclusion Our findings suggest that PHIV youth have higher risk of alterations in WM microstructure compared to typically developing youth, and certain alterations are related to past disease severity. Further, WM alterations potentially mediate associations between HIV disease and working memory.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

White matter microstructure among youth with perinatally acquired HIV is associated with disease severity

Uban

Herting

Williams

et al. 2015

Aids

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“…Patients infected with HCV showed elevated Cho, Cr, and mIns compared to healthy controls and those with hepatitis B, which may be due to microglial activation. Those cerebral metabolite abnormalities were independent of HE (Bokemeyer et al 2011;Chang et al 2013), indicating neuronal damage was mainly due to the HCV infection (Bladowska et al 2013;Chang et al 2013).…”

Section: General Application By Mr Imaging Of Neuroinflammation In Hementioning

confidence: 91%

PET and MR imaging of neuroinflammation in hepatic encephalopathy

Yang

et al. 2014

Metab Brain Dis

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Neurological or psychiatric abnormalities associated with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) range from subclinical findings to coma. HE is commonly accompanied with the accumulation of toxic substances in bloodstream. The toxicity effect of hyperammonemia on astrocyte, such as the alteration in neurotransmission, oxidative stress, astrocyte swelling, is considered as an important factor in the pathogenesis of HE. Besides, neuroinflammation has captured more attention in the process of HE, but the mechanism of neuroinflammation leading to HE remains unclear. Molecular imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) targeting activated microglia and/ or other mediators appear to be promising noninvasive approaches to assess HE. This review focuses on novel imaging and therapy strategies of neuroinflammation in HE.

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“…38 These patients also showed hyper-perfusion in basal ganglia. 39 The researchers suggest it to be a marker of early-stage HCV associated inflammation in patients with mild liver disease.…”

Section: Neuroimagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neuropsychiatric aspect of the HCV infection

Więdłocha¹,

Marcinowicz²,

Sokalla³

et al. 2017

Adv Clin Exp Med

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HCV infection is significantly more prevalent in the population of psychiatric patients, drug addicts and people tending to undertake risky sexual behaviors than in the general population. This article presents a spectrum of psychopathological symptoms and psychological dysfunctions, an outline of current theories on the neuropathology and psychiatric aspects of HCV infection treatment. The unspecific character of the psychopathological symptoms in the HCV infection makes the process of thorough diagnostics and adequate treatment difficult, thus the specific and characteristic features have been emphasized. The aim of this review is to shed light not only on the basic information concerning CNS pathology but also on the conclusions emerging from the studies of different authors, of various methodology, in diverse study groups and also to investigate current topics of research. The results of neuroimaging studies have been presented as well. Attention has also been dedicated separately to specific issues, like psychiatric aspects of co-infection with HCV and HIV viruses, the chronic fatigue in the course of HCV infection, the influence of substance use disorders and difficulties encountered during treatment with interferon. Undiagnosed psychiatric disorders, not only inevitably decrease the already rather low quality of life but also cause non-adherence with recommendations and medications regimes, contributing to a worse treatment outcome. Finally, the above disorders, when left untreated, result in higher rates of risk-taking behaviors among the infected, thus imposing a danger not only to patients themselves but also to the healthy population.

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Evaluation of early cerebral metabolic, perfusion and microstructural changes in HCV-positive patients: A pilot study

Cited by 65 publications

References 26 publications

White matter microstructure among youth with perinatally acquired HIV is associated with disease severity

White matter microstructure among youth with perinatally acquired HIV is associated with disease severity

PET and MR imaging of neuroinflammation in hepatic encephalopathy

The neuropsychiatric aspect of the HCV infection

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