Evaluation of Dry Deposition, Pollutant Damage, and Forest Health with Throughfall Studies

Parker, Geoffrey G.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3364-0_2

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 204 publications

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“…The highest enrichment ratios of SO4 -2 were in Durango (1.9) and Manzanal (1.9), showing the effect of their closeness to pollution sources. K + had the greatest enrichment ratio in the conifer forests (2.9 in Manzanal and 2.4 in Posadero) which could either come from the cation deposition as it is a common cation in soils (Table III) (Galloway and Likens 1978) or from canopy leaching, a major source of K + in forests (Parker, 1990;Cappellato et al, 1993). The value of pH was never lower than 4.03, this value being recorded in Manzanal in bulk precipitation in April 1994, and the highest pH was in throughfall in Durango in May, 7.18.…”

Section: Bulk Precipitation and Throughfallmentioning

confidence: 96%

Atmospheric deposition and canopy interactions for conifer and deciduous forests in Northern Spain

Amézaga¹,

Arias²,

Domingo³

et al. 1997

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Abstract. The effect of forest canopy on the chemical composition of throughfall was studied in four forests, two coniferous plantations of Pinus radiata and two deciduous forests (Quercus robur and Q. rubra, respectively) near Bilbao (Bizkaia), Basque Country (Northern Spain) during one year. The study areas are assumed to have different levels of pollution: Manzanal suffers industrial pollution mainly of SO4 2-and N.NO3-, while Durango has industrial and agricultural pollution mainly of N.NH4 + and SO4 2-.The study presents data on bulk precipitation and throughfall, and on the quantities of inorganic N (N.NH4++ N.NO3-), SO4 2-, Ca 2+, Mg 2+, Na +, K + and CI-reaching the forest floor. The nutrient input to the forest floor differed within the four studied sites. The capacity of neutralization of the deposition was better on deciduous forest than on the coniferous. Leaching in association with the canopy washoff were the most significant sources of base cations in deciduous and coniferous throughfall. Despite the pollution levels in Manzanal and Durango no effect on tree leaves were observed during the study period.

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Section: Bulk Precipitation and Throughfallmentioning

confidence: 96%

Atmospheric deposition and canopy interactions for conifer and deciduous forests in Northern Spain

Amézaga¹,

Arias²,

Domingo³

et al. 1997

Water Air Soil Pollut

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show abstract

“…This excess of throughfall was uncommon phenomenon, because interception ratio of rainfall by canopy generally ranged from I 3 to 5l Vo (Tsukamoto, 1992). lnthe present site, fols were very common during the rainy season and fog drip may be contributed to the increments of water flux under the canopy, 7-adroga (1981) suggested (1) H* flux generally decreases after passage through the canopy at broadleaved forests (Parker, 1983(Parker, , 1990, but not for the present forest. Fluxes of K*, Mg2*, Cl-, and SOa2-showed significant increment from bulk precipitation to throughfall.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Fluxes of K*, Mg2*, Cl-, and SOa2-showed significant increment from bulk precipitation to throughfall. Canopy leaching of K+ and Mg2* was generally observed (e.9., Parker, 1983Parker, , 1990Vitousek & Sanford, 1986). Canopy leaching of Cl-has some debate, but it was suggested in some studies (e.9., Forti & Moreira-Nordemann, l99l; Peters, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrobiogeochemistry of a Hill-Evergreen Forest in Northern Thailand.

Nakagawa¹,

Pampasit

Khamyong

et al. 1998

Tropics

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“…Berger et al (2001) suggested that half of the cations leached from sugar maple canopies were attributable to the cation-exchange reactions driven by H + in rainfall at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (New Hampshire, USA). Parker (1983Parker ( , 1990) concluded that canopy leaching contributed between 10% and 80% to the total flux of these base cations reaching the forest floor. Qualls et al (1991) reported that highly concentrated dissolved organic matter was leached into rainwater passing through the canopy and forest floor of an oak (Quercus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of Weak Acids on Canopy Leaching and Uptake Processes in a Coniferous-Deciduous Mixed Evergreen Forest in Central-South China

Zhang

Zeng

Jiang

et al. 2006

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The effects of Weak acids (WA) on the canopy leaching and uptake processes are evaluated by comparing the leached base cations or the absorbed protons while including and excluding WA, e.g. the WA-included method and the WA-excluded method. The seasonal WA throughfall flux is even larger than twice the bulk precipitation flux except summer, which not only partly agrees with the conclusion that the total deposition of WA equals twice the bulk or dry deposition flux in European Intensive Monitoring plots (level II), but also indicates the significant canopy leaching of WA in Shaoshan forest. The seasonal canopy leaching of base cations in association with WA accounts for 6-30% of the total base cations in throughfall, with an annual mean of 23%, which is slightly higher than the 15% at the Speulder forest in The Netherlands. The canopy exchange capacity of H + to NH + 4 is closed to 6.0 while neglecting the WA exchange, which probably supports the assumption that the exchange capacity of H + is six times that of NH + 4 . Simultaneously, we suggest that the WA is competitive to a certain extent with protons to leach base cations of plant tissues during the canopy exchange processes.

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Evaluation of Dry Deposition, Pollutant Damage, and Forest Health with Throughfall Studies

Cited by 28 publications

References 204 publications

Atmospheric deposition and canopy interactions for conifer and deciduous forests in Northern Spain

Atmospheric deposition and canopy interactions for conifer and deciduous forests in Northern Spain

Hydrobiogeochemistry of a Hill-Evergreen Forest in Northern Thailand.

Effects of Weak Acids on Canopy Leaching and Uptake Processes in a Coniferous-Deciduous Mixed Evergreen Forest in Central-South China

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