Evaluation of Drug Combinations’ Effectiveness in Hyperkalemia Management of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of hyperkalemia drug combinations in reducing potassium levels in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Methods: This is an observational study on medical records of CKD patients with hyperkalemia at Dr. Saiful Anwar and Lavalette Hospitals, Malang, Indonesia. From 2017 to 2019, 78 hyperkalemia correction data were obtained from 47 patients’ medical records. The hypothesis test used in this study was the one-way ANOVA test. Results: Drug combinations of calcium gluconate, Actrapid® HM, and D40% (∆p = 0.62 mmol/L); calcium gluconate, Actrapid® HM, D40%, and Ventolin® Nebules (∆p = 0.72 mmol/L); and calcium gluconate, NovoRapid®, and D40%® (∆p = 1.03 mmol/L) were able to significantly reduce serum potassium levels (p < 0.05). A drug combination of calcium gluconate, Humulin® R, and D40% (∆p = 0.84 mmol/L) was also able to reduce serum potassium levels but not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The comparison test results of the four groups of drug combinations showed that no combination of drugs was superior to others in lowering potassium levels (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The four groups of hyperkalemia drug combinations can reduce the patient’s serum potassium level and have the same effectiveness.