Evaluation of Drought Tolerance of Some Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes through Phenology, Growth, and Physiological Indices

Abstract

Increasing human population and changing climate, which have given rise to frequent drought spells, pose a serious threat to global food security, while identification of high yielding drought tolerant genotypes remains a proficient approach to cope with these challenges. To offer a methodology for the evaluation of the drought-tolerant wheat genotypes based on the pheno-physiological traits, a field experiment was executed, entailing four wheat genotypes viz. BARI Gom 26, BAW 1158, BAW 1167, and BAW 1169 and two water conditions viz. control treatment (three times irrigation at 20, 50, and 70 DAS, i.e., 100% field capacity) and stressed treatment (no irrigation during the entire growing season). The results revealed that drought stress drastically reduced the days to booting, heading, anthesis and physiological maturity, relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll content, canopy temperature depression (CTD), and photo-assimilates-spike dry matter (SDM), grains spike−1 and grain yield of all wheat genotypes. In addition, the genotypes BAW 1167 and BARI Gom 26 remained more prone to adverse effects of drought as compared to BAW 1169 and BAW 1158. Furthermore, DS induced biosynthesis of compatible solutes such as proline, especially in BAW 1169, which enabled plants to defend against oxidative stress. It was inferred that BAW 1169 remained superior by exhibiting the best adaptation as indicated by the maximum relative values of RWC, total chlorophyll, CTD, proline content, SDM, grains spike−1, and grain yield of wheat. Thus, based on our findings, BAW 1169 may be recommended for general adoption and utilization in future wheat breeding programs aimed at developing potent drought-tolerant wheat genotypes to ensure food security on a sustainable basis.

Chitosan-Induced Physiological and Biochemical Regulations Confer Drought Tolerance in Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.)

“…Water deficit conditions cause oxidative damage to plant cells due to excessive production of reactive oxygen species [55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64]. When compared to the no Ci (control), foliar Ci application significantly increased enzymatic activity (CAT, GPX, SOD) that reduces lipid peroxidation by detoxifying H 2 O 2 and O 2 scavengers due to presence of abundant hydroxyl and amino groups in its structure [65].…”

Yield Stability and Genotype Environment Interaction of Water Deficit Stress Tolerant Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczak) Genotypes of Bangladesh

“…In contrast, the genotype BMX-08009-7 was tolerant to water deficit stress but not suitable for the recommendation due to low yielding performance. Overall, genetic, inheritance pattern and transcriptional regulatory mechanism behind the overall improvement in growth, physiology and yield stability under different stressors is also important for sustainability perspectives [61][62][63][64][65]. From the above discussion, it was quite clear that the genotypes BMX-010015 and BMX-08010-2 were found stable but moderate grain yielders, whereas the BARI Mung-7 and BARI Mung-8 varieties were better grain yielders but region-specific.…”

“…In contrast, the genotype BMX-08009-7 was tolerant to water deficit stress but not suitable for the recommendation due to low yielding performance. Overall, genetic, inheritance pattern and transcriptional regulatory mechanism behind the overall improvement in growth, physiology and yield stability under different stressors is also important for sustainability perspectives [61][62][63][64][65].…”

A Predictive Study of the Redistribution of Some Bread Wheat Genotypes in Response to Climate Change in Egypt

“…Globally, climate change affects the spatial and temporal distribution of crop yields, which can critically impair food security [29]. However, the identification of high-yielding drought-tolerant genotypes remains a proficient approach to cope with climate challenges [30]. In the current study, we aimed at redistributing the most common local bread wheat cultivars according to their drought tolerance to zones that were classified based on climate analysis.…”

“…The results offer a warning regarding the need to implement sustainable agriculture policies, and on the necessity of regional adaptation strategies. Chowdhury et al [30] recommended the genotype BAW 1169 for general adoption and utilization in future wheat breeding programs aimed at developing potent drought-tolerant wheat genotypes to ensure food security on a sustainable basis.…”