Evaluation of different reaction strategies for the improvement of cetane number in diesel fuels

Santana, Roberto C.; Phuong, T.; Santikunaporn, Malee; Alvarez, Walter E.; Taylor, Joshua P.; Sughrue, E.L.; Resasco, Daniel E.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2005.08.028

Cited by 207 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…These ring opening reactions (indeed cracking reactions) are usually referred to the aperture of one of the rings in decalin or other two-ring naphthenes. 19,20,26,27 Isomerization reactions imply either contraction or expansion of the rings in decalin, leading to hydrocarbons with two alkylated fused rings; further cracking of these compounds may originate lighter olefins, paraffins, and naphthenes, and be also the source for polyalkylated C 5 or C 6 naphthenes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield of aromatics from naphthenics upon catalytic cracking

Pujro¹,

Falco²,

Pedrosa³

et al. 2012

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Cis-e trans decalina foram submetidas à reação com catalisadores de craqueamento, para estudar a formação de aromáticos numa fração particular de produtos líquidos do processo de craqueamento catalítico fluido (FCC). Um reator batelada em leito fluidizado, CREC, foi usado a 673 e 723 K com tempos de contato entre 3 e 15 s. Cis-decalina foi muito mais reativa. Apesar de diferenças induzidas e medidas na acessibilidade dos catalisadores, seus perfis de atividade foram similares, sugerindo que restrições difusionais não prevalecem. Os produtos foram hidrocarbonetos C 1 -C 12 , enquanto o coque foi muito baixo. Reações de isomerização, craqueamento, transferência de hidrogênio, abertura/contração de anel e alquilação ocorreram, e produtos das várias reações foram observados em tempos de reação muito baixos. Naftênicos bicíclicos C 10 e aromáticos alquilsubstituídos C 7 -C 11 ou nafteno-aromáticos foram os produtos mais importantes. Um mecanismo de reação com três rotas iniciais (isomerização, abertura de anel e reações de transferência de hidrogênio) foi proposto.Cis-and trans-decalin were reacted over cracking catalysts to study the formation of aromatics in a particular fraction of the liquid products obtained in the fluid catalytic cracking process (FCC). A batch, fluidized bed CREC riser simulator reactor was used at 673 and 723 K and contact times varied from 3 to 15 s. Cis-decalin was much more reactive. Despite differences induced and measured in their accessibility indices, the catalysts led to similar activity profiles, suggesting that diffusion restrictions do not prevail. Products were C 1 -C 12 hydrocarbons while coke was very low. Isomerization, cracking, hydrogen transfer, ring opening, ring contraction and alkylation reactions occurred and products from the various reactions were observed at very short reaction times. Bicyclic C 10 naphthenics and alkyl-substituted C 7 -C 11 aromatics or naphtheno-aromatics were the most important products. A reaction mechanism with three initial routes (isomerization, ring opening and direct hydrogen transfer reactions) was proposed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield of aromatics from naphthenics upon catalytic cracking

Pujro¹,

Falco²,

Pedrosa³

et al. 2012

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…Santana et al figured out the relationship between ring hydrogenation, hydrocracking, and cetane number [19]. During the process of hydro-refining, the process can mainly realize the conversion from naphthalene to tetralin with an increase of CN by 8 * 10, in terms of hydroupgrading technology such as MCI (Maximum Cetane Increase Technology), this technology can increase CN by involving moderate cracking of tetralin and maintain the maximum yield of diesel fraction by preventing secondary cracking.…”

Section: Diesel Hydro-upgrading Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical review on flexible processing middle distillate for achieving maximum profit in China

Zhang

et al. 2017

Appl Petrochem Res

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Currently, refining business is experiencing a transformation from refining to chemical business, or integration of refining and chemical business due to the slow economic growth, and decreased demand of clean fuels, particularly diesel product. Diesel products are oversupplied based on the consumption data in China. Refineries are pursuing technologies that could reduce diesel output, particularly the inferior light cycle oil (LCO) fraction. Herein, this article mainly describes the industrialized technologies for LCO processing such as LCO upgrading, LCO blending into available plants such as fluid catalytic cracking (FCC), and hydro-refining/treating unit, LCO moderate hydrocracking, and LCO to aromatics and gasoline with the integration of selective hydro-refining and optimized FCC. It is figured out that the LCO moderate hydrocracking can provide more gasoline at the expense of high H 2 consumption, while LCO to aromatics and gasoline (LTAG) technology needs more steps for clean fuel production and retrofitting of FCC plant. Based on the analyses of current technologies, it is suggested that implementation of such technologies should consider the configuration of refineries, as well as the benefit of employed technologies instead of realizing the target for decreasing diesel product unilaterally.

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“…10,11 Furthermore, hydrogenation also eliminates unsaturations common in algal or plant oils, increasing their cetane number. 12 The hydrogenation of FFAs can be performed using supported noble metal catalysts such as Pd and Pt. 13−20 However, the high price of these metals demands more economical alternatives.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifunctional Adsorbent-Catalytic Nanoparticles for the Refining of Renewable Feedstocks

et al. 2013

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A hybrid adsorbent-catalytic nanostructured material consisting of aminopropyl groups and nickel nanoparticles immobilized in mesoporous silica nanoparticles (AP-Ni-MSN) was employed to selectively capture free fatty acids (FFAs) and convert them into saturated hydrocarbons. The working principle of these sorbent-catalytic particles was initially tested in the hydrogenation of oleic acid. Besides providing selectivity for the capture of FFAs, the adsorbent groups also affected the selectivity of the hydrogenation reaction, shifting the chemistry from hydrocracking-based (Ni) to hydrotreating-based and improving the carbon economy of the process. This approach was ultimately evaluated by the selective sequestration of FFAs from crude microalgal oil and their subsequent conversion into liquid hydrocarbons, demonstrating the suitability of this design for the refinery of renewable feedstocks. ABSTRACT: A hybrid adsorbent-catalytic nanostructured material consisting of aminopropyl groups and nickel nanoparticles immobilized in mesoporous silica nanoparticles (APNi-MSN) was employed to selectively capture free fatty acids (FFAs) and convert them into saturated hydrocarbons. The working principle of these sorbent-catalytic particles was initially tested in the hydrogenation of oleic acid. Besides providing selectivity for the capture of FFAs, the adsorbent groups also affected the selectivity of the hydrogenation reaction, shifting the chemistry from hydrocracking-based (Ni) to hydrotreating-based and improving the carbon economy of the process. This approach was ultimately evaluated by the selective sequestration of FFAs from crude microalgal oil and their subsequent conversion into liquid hydrocarbons, demonstrating the suitability of this design for the refinery of renewable feedstocks.

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Evaluation of different reaction strategies for the improvement of cetane number in diesel fuels

Cited by 207 publications

References 32 publications

Yield of aromatics from naphthenics upon catalytic cracking

Yield of aromatics from naphthenics upon catalytic cracking

Technical review on flexible processing middle distillate for achieving maximum profit in China

Bifunctional Adsorbent-Catalytic Nanoparticles for the Refining of Renewable Feedstocks

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