Evaluation of Different Computational Modelling Strategies of a Masonry Vault with Buttresses and Backfill

Abstract

In this paper, a critical comparison of two of the most common methods for the analysis of masonry vaults up to collapse is carried on. Innovative 2D Discrete Element (DE) and Finite Element (FE) models have been adopted aiming at capturing the main features of masonry single curvature structures mechanical behavior. Two numerical strategies are adopted: a discrete element model and a continuous homogenized model. The first approach provides an estimate of the collapse load and failure pattern of masonry based on ad-hoc implemented algorithm. The second approach is formulated in the framework of multi-surface plasticity and implemented in a FE code for the path-following non-linear analysis of masonry wall described as continuous anisotropic plate. The two numerical approaches are adopted to reproduce the Experimental Campaign of a full-scale Catalan vault with buttresses and backfill, statically loaded at 1/3 span. The failure modes and the crack patterns obtained by the proposed models are compared between them and with that observed in the experimental test as well as the load-displacement response curves. Both the proposed models efficiently capture the behavior of the vault and, in particular, the backfill deformation and load-spreading effect, hinges position and formation order.