Evaluation of Density Fields of Numerical Analysis Output of Solid Carbon Dioxide Extrusion Process

Abstract

Efforts to reduce energy consumption and explore alternative energy sources are paramount in production process research. However, a research gap exists regarding the evaluation of density fields in numerical analysis output of solid carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) extrusion. This study aims to address this gap by examining the density fields in the numerical analysis output of the extrusion process for solid CO 2 , commonly known as dry ice. Dry ice, a by-product of ammonia compounds production, requires efficient management due to its high sublimation rate. Ram pressing is a commonly used method for compressing dry ice, but the resulting product often exhibits non-uniform density fields, presenting challenges for process optimization. To bridge this research gap, an algorithm is verified for determining the percentage share of density fields in the numerical simulation results. By comparing simulations using single-and multiple-cavity dies, the algorithm provides valuable insights into the distribution of density within the extruded solid CO 2 . In overcoming the limitations of subjective comparative evaluation, this study offers objective measures for assessing and comparing numerical analysis outputs. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding and optimization of the solid CO 2 extrusion process, facilitating the production of high-density dry ice products with reduced energy consumption. In conclusion, this research not only bridges the research gap in evaluating density fields but also advances the field of solid CO 2 extrusion and waste materials management.

Method for Determining the Coefficient of Friction Variation Pattern as a Function of Density at Low Temperatures Using the Example of Dry Ice–Steel Contact

“…These The regression values were calculated using the CurveExpert Professional software, version 2.7.3, program by D. Hyams, version 2.7.3. The following non-linear functions were used in the analysis: exponential (10), geometric (11), sinusoidal (12), and natural logarithmic (13). The equations relevant to these functions are described below.…”

“…[10,11]. Solid carbon dioxide is obtained through expansion of liquefied CO2 to atmospheric pressure [12]. This adiabatic process removes energy from the material at a high rate, causing a liquid-solid transition.…”