Evaluation of Defined Daily Dose, percentage of British National Formulary maximum and chlorpromazine equivalents in antipsychotic drug utilization

Sweileh, Waleed M.; Odeh, Jihad Bani; Shraim, Naser; Zyoud, Sa’ed H.; Sawalha, Ansam F.; Al-Jabi, Samah W.

doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2013.03.003

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It takes several days until patients taking general antipsychotics begin to feel the effects of the medicine and several weeks are required for them to attain symptom stability (Sweileh et al . ). During the AHSM programme, both of the groups experienced alleviated symptoms because of the stabilizing effects of the medicine; however, 50‐60% of patients with chronic schizophrenia still suffer from symptoms even while on regular medication (Ballon & Lieberman ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The effects of auditory hallucination symptom management programme for people with schizophrenia: a quasi‐experimental design

Yang¹,

Lee

et al. 2015

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…, Sweileh et al . ). CAHQ: By answering the seven items in the questionnaire, the respondents reported the negative characteristics of the auditory hallucinations they experienced during the past 24 hours. A 6‐point scale (0‐5) was used, where the highest score denotes the most severe symptoms.…”

Section: The Studymentioning

confidence: 97%

The effects of auditory hallucination symptom management programme for people with schizophrenia: a quasi‐experimental design

Yang¹,

Lee

et al. 2015

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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“…Sociodemographic characteristics (i.e., age, education, gender, race/ethnicity, and smoking status) and illness-related variables (i.e., duration of schizophrenia and daily antipsychotic medication dosages (Sweileh et al, 2014) were ascertained through participant interviews and reviews of records (with HIPAA authorization). The Multisystem Disease Risk Score (Carroll et al, 2015) was calculated by summing the z-scores of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, hemoglobin A1c, glucose, insulin, and C-reactive protein levels in blood.…”

Section: Experimental/materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormalities in chemokine levels in schizophrenia and their clinical correlates

Hong

Lee

Martin

et al. 2017

Schizophrenia Research

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Chemokines are promising biomarkers of immune activation and inflammation, but evidence for chemokine abnormalities in schizophrenia and their relationship to clinical factors remains inconclusive. We aimed to understand chemokine-related diagnostic differences and clinical correlates using a comprehensive panel and studying a large, well-characterized sample of adults with and without schizophrenia. We studied 134 outpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and 112 healthy comparison (HC) individuals, 26 to 65 years of age. Clinical measures were obtained, and plasma levels of 11 chemokines were assessed using multiplex immunoassay. Schizophrenia vs. HC differences were tested for each chemokine, adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, and current smoking status. We also examined whether age and gender relationships differed between diagnostic groups. Using logistic regression, we created a Chemokine Index (CI) and explored its clinical correlates. Levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2), macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β/CCL4), Eotaxin-1 (CCL11), thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17), and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC/CCL22) were significantly higher in persons with schizophrenia than HCs. Group differences in TARC were reduced after adjusting for covariates. The CI, a linear combination of Eotaxin-1 and MDC levels, was positively associated with age, duration of schizophrenia, and severity of negative symptoms. Levels of chemokines with neuroimmune regulatory effects were higher in individuals with schizophrenia, particularly in older and chronic patients. Treatments aimed at normalizing chemokine levels might improve mental and physical health among schizophrenia patients as they age.

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“…29 In keeping with previous studies, the PDD:DDD ratio for APP was calculated as the sum of the individual PDD:DDD ratios of all antipsychotics prescribed to a patient; high-dose prescribing was defined as a PDD:DDD of greater than 1.5. [30][31][32] In addition to antipsychotic agents, data on coprescription of anticholinergic agents, mood stabilizers, antidepressants, and benzodiazepines were captured.…”

Section: Data and Variables Extractedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of and factors associated with antipsychotic polypharmacy in patients with serious mental illness: Findings from a cross-sectional study in an upper-middle-income country

Armstrong

Temmingh

2017

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objective: The aim of our study was to examine the prevalence of and factors associated with antipsychotic polypharmacy (APP) among patients with serious mental illness in the current South African health care context. Methods: We collected data on patient, illness, and treatment characteristics of patients discharged on one or more antipsychotic agents from January to June 2014. We analyzed the associations of APP with demographic and clinical variables using hierarchical multivariable logistic regression, and examined prescription patterns. Results: The prevalence of APP in our study population of 577 patients was 28.4%. Demographic and clinical characteristics significantly associated with APP included age 4 29, male sex, diagnosis of schizophrenia, comorbid intellectual disability, comorbid substance use, greater number of hospital admissions, and high-dose prescribing. First-generation antipsychotics and long-acting injectable preparations were prominent in APP combinations. Co-prescription of anticholinergic agents and sodium valproate demonstrated a significant association with APP.Conclusion: APP appears common in our population, despite lack of evidence for the practice and possible risk of harm. Our findings suggest a complex interplay among patient, illness, and treatment factors relevant to APP in our setting that could be targeted for intervention.

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Evaluation of Defined Daily Dose, percentage of British National Formulary maximum and chlorpromazine equivalents in antipsychotic drug utilization

Abstract: All three tested methods are reliable and coherent for calculating antipsychotic dosing.

Cited by 29 publications

References 16 publications

The effects of auditory hallucination symptom management programme for people with schizophrenia: a quasi‐experimental design

The effects of auditory hallucination symptom management programme for people with schizophrenia: a quasi‐experimental design

Abnormalities in chemokine levels in schizophrenia and their clinical correlates

Prevalence of and factors associated with antipsychotic polypharmacy in patients with serious mental illness: Findings from a cross-sectional study in an upper-middle-income country

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