Evaluation of Daily Dietary Intake of Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) and Benzene Hexachloride (BHC) in India

Abstract

Duplicate samples of the diet of vegetarian adults were analyzed to estimate the residues of dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) and benzene hexachloride (BHC). The total food consumed by an adult per day was collected and categorized as fatty food, non-fatty food, water, and beverages. Fatty food was the main source of these chlorinated insecticides, and it contributed almost 50% of the total dietary intake. The average total DDT and BHC consumed by an adult were 19.24 micrograms/d and 77.15 micrograms/d, respectively. Blood DDT and BHC levels reflected intake (r = 0.685 for DDT; r = 0.515 for BHC).

Exposures associated with serum organochlorine levels among postmenopausal women from Western New York state

“…The observation that organochlorine levels were linked to fruit and vegetable intake may be the result of consumption of organochlorine treated produce in the past. Previous studies did not report direct associations between DDE and dairy consumption, although high DDE residues were found in milk and other dairy products in two studies [Kashyap et al, 1994;MacIntosh et al, 1996]. The negative association between red meat intake and HCB levels is in direct contrast with ®ndings from a recent study conducted in Germany [DeVoto et al, 1998], where red meat consumption was positively related to HCB body burden.…”

“…Several studies have attempted to identify correlates of organochlorine levels in human populations, and most of these studies were based on special exposure populations [Kreiss, 1985;Fiore et al, 1989;Lommel et al, 1992;Hovinga et al, 1993;Asplund et al, 1994;Evans et al, 1994] or did not directly compare organochlorine body burden with epidemiological characteristics [Frank et al, 1988;Kannan et al, 1994, Kashyap et al, 1994MacIntosh et al, 1996]. Four recent studies investigated predictors of organochlorine body burden in population-based samples recruited among elderly Germans [DeVoto et al, 1998], women from ®ve European cities [Sanz-Gallardo et al, 1999], nurses in the United States [Laden et al, 1999], and women from North Carolina [Schildkraut et al, 1999].…”

Impact of pesticides use in agriculture: their benefits and hazards

“…The risk of consumers may then be evaluated by comparison with toxicologically acceptable intake levels. The average total DDT and BHC consumed by an adult were 19.24 mg/day and 77.15 mg/day respectively (Kashyap et al ., 1994). Fatty food was the main source of these contaminants.…”

Quantification of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in the Buffalo Milk Samples of Delhi City, India

“…Studies have been carried out on pesticidal contamination of food stuff from different parts of the world [26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Limited information is available from India on the nature of pesticide residues in milk.…”