Evaluation of cytotoxicity and degree of conversion of glass ionomer cements reinforced with resin

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and degree of monomer conversion of resin-reinforced glass ionomer cements (RGIC) over different time periods. Four RGICs: Fuji Ortho LC (FOLC), Fuji Ortho Band (FOB), Orthoglass (OGL), and Multicure Glass Ionomer (MCI) were evaluated for cytotoxicity in fibroblastic L929 cells and for their degree of monomer conversion over different time periods. Three control groups were also analysed: positive control (C+), consisting of Tween 80 cell detergent; negative control (C-), consisting of phosphate-buffered saline; and cell control (CC), consisting of cells exposed to any material. To evaluate the cytotoxicity, the dye-uptake technique was used and the degree of conversion was evaluated using infrared spectroscopy. The data obtained were analysed by analysis of variance and the Tukey's test. The results showed cytotoxicity of the RGICs at 1 and 24 hours; the viability values of these materials were statistically different from the C- and CC groups (P < 0.05). After 48 hours, the FOLC group was statistically similar to the CC and C- groups but different from the others. At 1 hour, there was no difference in the degree of conversion between the FOLC and OGL groups (P > 0.05) or between the FOB and MCI (P < 0.05) groups. However, at 48 hours, the FOLC group had greater conversion values than the other groups (P < 0.05). There is a direct relationship between the degree of conversion and RGIC cytotoxicity. Following initial polymerization, cytotoxicity decreases and, consequently, the degree of conversion of the material increases.

Histological analysis of biocompatibility of ionomer cements with an acid-base reaction

“…1,4 Organic acids from the polyacrylic acid chains react with the glass powder, breaking the Al-O-Si bonds, and releasing aluminum and calcium ions in an aqueous medium. 1,4 Some studies [5][6][7] have demonstrated that the cytotoxic effects of GICs may be attributed to the metal components released, such as aluminum and iron. [8][9] Data obtained in studies of odontoblastic cell lineages report the solubility of these experimental materials and their possible toxic declaration of interests: The authors certify that they have no commercial or associative interest that represents a conflict of interest in connection with the manuscript.…”

Mechanical and Biological Properties of Acrylic Resins Manipulated and Polished by Different Methods

“…In this study, as far as the cytotoxicity test is concerned, the cell culture model used was in monolayer (18)(19)(20). This model was used together with the dye-uptake technique (19) because the cytotoxicity of materials can be determined by spectrophotometry (20).…”

“…Both sides of the acrylic specimens were previously sterilized with ultraviolet light (Labconco, Kansas City, MO, USA) for 30 min (18). To verify the cell response to extreme situations, other three groups were included in the study: Group CC (cell control), consisting of cells not exposed to any material; Group C+ (positive control), consisting of Tween 80 and Group C-(negative control), consisting of PBS solution in contact with the cells.…”

In vitro study of cytotoxicity of orthodontic elastomeric ligatures

“…Spectrophotometric essay allows rapid and reliable evidence of cell viability to be obtained based on the use of vital stain incorporated by viable cells [23][24][25][26] . In this study, neutral red dye was used, as it is widely used for identifying L-929 cell viability 23,[25][26] .…”

“…In this study, neutral red dye was used, as it is widely used for identifying L-929 cell viability 23,[25][26] . Dead or damaged cells cannot incorporate vital stain, and are thus not recognized on optical reading.…”