Evaluation of Cytotoxic Potentials of Some Isoindole-1, 3-Dione Derivatives on HeLa, C6 and A549 Cancer Cell Lines

Abstract

Objective: Considering this information, firstly, isoindole derivatives containing different functional groups 4-13 have been synthesized from 2-alkyl/aryl-3a, 4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-isoindole-1, 3(2H)-dione. Background: Norcantharimides are known as norcantharidine derivatives and contain an isoindole skeleton structure. Isoindole derivatives have positive effect on inflammatory pathologies including cancers. Methods: For the synthesis of all compounds, 2-alkyl/aryl-3a, 4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-isoindole- 1,3(2H)-dione was used as the starting compound. The syntheses were based on two main reactions: Ene-reaction of singlet oxygen and epoxidation. Secondly, their anticancer activities were evaluated against HeLa, C6 and A549 cancer cell lines by the BrdU assay. Results: Anticancer activities of synthesized compounds (4-13) and 5-FU (5-Florouracil) against HeLa, C6 and A549 cells were investigated at four concentrations (100, 50, 25 and 5 μM). IC50 values of compounds 4-13 were calculated for all cancer cell lines. The investigated compounds showed anticancer activity against the cancer cell lines depending on doses. Compound 7 containing azide and silyl ether exhibited higher inhibitory activity than the other compounds and 5-FU against A549 cancer cell lines (IC50 =19.41± 0.01 μM). Compounds 9 and 11 were determined to exhibit cell-selective activity against HeLa cancer cell lines. Compound 11 had higher activity than the positive control at 100 μM concentrations against C6 cancer cell lines. Conclusion: According to the results observed, isoindole derivatives 7, 9, and 11 might be good potential anticancer agents for the treatment of cervical and glioma cancer due to their antiproliferative properties, having less cytotoxic effects on healthy cells. In addition, compound 7 could be used in in vivo studies of all three-cancer cell lines (C6, HeLa, and A549).

Cytotoxic Potential of Bioactive Compounds From Aspergillus Flavus, an Endophytic Fungus Isolated From Cynodon dactylon: Experimental and Computational Approach

“…This led to the respiratory chain uncoupling, excessive ROS production, followed by oxidative stress with oxidative damages of essential biomolecules and thus cell cycle arrest and finally induced apoptotic cancer cell death [58]. It has been shown before that Aspergillus extracts can lead to oxidative stress [59].…”

Cucumber-Derived Nanovesicles Containing Cucurbitacin B for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Therapy

“…In addition, we also compared the cytotoxicity of CsDNVs to other plant-derived materials and clinically available drugs in other research papers. 27,[42][43][44][45] Garlic derived nanovesicles were also found having cytotoxicity to A549 cells, 27 but they only inhibited ca. 65% of the cell viability which was lower than CsDNVs.…”

“…In comparison to clinical available drugs, such as DOX, 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin and taxol, CsDNVs also exhibit better cytotoxicity than 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin. [42][43][44][45] Although the cytotoxicity of DOX and taxol are similar to CsDNVs, long-term use of DOX can induce cell resistance, 42 resulting in a low efficacy to cancer therapy. Taxol is extracted from yew trees which are natural rare plants, so it is detrimental to the environment and may increase patients' economic burden.…”

Novel hybrid isoindole‐1,3(2H)‐dione compounds containing a 1H‐tetrazole moiety: Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies

“…[2] Phthalimide and its N-substituted derivatives have been reported to have various biological activities, strong heat resistance, and transparency. [3,4] Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione compounds, which are derivatives of phthalimide, have a very important place in organic and medicinal chemistry due to their strong anticancer activities [5] such as against brain, ovarian, skin, and breast cancers. [6][7][8] Some anticancer isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione compounds [5,[7][8][9] are given in Figure 1.…”

“…[3,4] Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione compounds, which are derivatives of phthalimide, have a very important place in organic and medicinal chemistry due to their strong anticancer activities [5] such as against brain, ovarian, skin, and breast cancers. [6][7][8] Some anticancer isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione compounds [5,[7][8][9] are given in Figure 1.…”