Evaluation of Curcumin and Copper Acetate Against Salmonella Typhimurium Infection, Intestinal Permeability, and Cecal Microbiota Composition in Broiler Chickens

Abstract

Background: Interest in the use of natural feed additives as an alternative to antimicrobials in the poultry industry has increased in recent years because of the risk of bacterial resistance. One of the most studied groups are polyphenolic compounds, given their advantages over other types of additives and their easy potentiation of effects when complexes are formed with metal ions. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of dietary supplementation of Copper Acetate (CA), Curcumin (CR), and their combination (CA-CR) against Salmonella Typhimurium colonization, intestinal permeability, and cecal microbiota composition in broiler chickens.Results: The obtained results showed that in two independent studies, all experimental treatments were able to significantly reduce the S. Typhimurium colonization in cecal tonsils (CT, p < 0.05) compared to the positive control (PC) group. However, CR and CA-CR were the best treatments reducing S. Typhimurium counts. Furthermore, the serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) concentration in chickens treated with CR was significantly lower when compared to PC (p < 0.05). The effect of dietary treatments in reducing S. Typhimurium colonization was further supported by the Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis of microbiome data, where Salmonella was significantly enriched in PC group (LDA score > 2.0 and p<0.05). In addition, Coprobacillus, Eubacterium, and Clostridium were significantly higher in the PC group compared to other treatment groups. On the contrary, Fecalibacterium and Enterococcus at CR, unknown genus of Erysipelotrichaceae at CA-CR, and unknown genus of Lachnospiraceae at CA were significantly abundant respectively.Conclusions: CR treatment was the most effective treatment to reduce S. Typhimurium intestinal colonization and intestinal permeability associated with variations in the cecae microbiota structure in broiler chickens.

Influence of rapeseed, canola meal and glucosinolate metabolite (AITC) as potential antimicrobials: effects on growth performance, and gut health in Salmonella Typhimurium challenged broiler chickens

“… He et al (2020) reported no differences in gut permeability at 7 dpc when high nutrient density (CP = 21.8 and ME = 3.16 kcal/g) diet was fed to birds challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium. Similarly, difference in gut permeability at 6 dpc was not observed in the current study contrary to the observations by Leyva-Diaz et al (2021) . The authors reported that Salmonella challenge increased the gut permeability, whereas the treatment with curcumin restored the intestinal barrier parameters with permeability similar to that of nonchallenged control birds.…”