Evaluation of craft beers through the direct determination of amino acids by capillary electrophoresis and principal component analysis

Aredes, Rafaella Silva; Peixoto, Fernando Cunha; Sphaier, Leandro A.; Marques, Flávia Ferreira de Carvalho

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128572

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The FAA contents of four samples were detected and shown in Table 2 . FAA content affects the quality of food products [ 18 ]. Bitter amino acids are rated as the leading influencing factor of poor taste [ 52 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The composition of FAAs can be modified by using different food-processing technologies [ 17 ]. FAAs are one of the key quality indicators of natto taste, and FAA content affects the quality of final food products [ 18 ]. Therefore, this study investigated whether changing free amino acid content could improve natto taste through two-bacterium co-fermentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Adding Bifidobacterium animalis BZ25 on the Flavor, Functional Components and Biogenic Amines of Natto by Bacillus subtilis GUTU09

Zhang

Lan

Tian

et al. 2022

Foods

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Natto is a high-value fermented soybean produced by B. subtilis. However, B. subtilis produces a pungent amine odor. This study compared the volatile organic compounds (VOCs), free amino acids (FAAs) and biogenic amines (BAs), nattokinase (NK) of natto made by two-strain fermentation with Bifidobacterium animalis BZ25 and Bacillus subtilis GUTU09 (NMBB) and that of natto made by single-strain fermentation with Bacillus subtilis GUTU09 (NMB). Compared with NMB, volatile amine substances disappeared, ketones and aldehydes of NMBB were reduced, and alcohols increased. Besides that, the taste activity value of other bitter amino acids was lowered, and BA content was decreased from 255.88 mg/kg to 238.35 mg/kg but increased NK activity from 143.89 FU/g to 151.05 FU/g. Correlation analysis showed that the addition of BZ25 reduced the correlation between GUTU09 and BAs from 0.878 to 0.808, and pH was changed from a positive correlation to a negative one. All these results showed that the quality of natto was improved by two-strain co-fermentation, which laid a foundation for its potential industrial application.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Adding Bifidobacterium animalis BZ25 on the Flavor, Functional Components and Biogenic Amines of Natto by Bacillus subtilis GUTU09

Zhang

Lan

Tian

et al. 2022

Foods

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“…The combined ranking of different treatments and their intercorrelations based on better outputs were derived using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) by using Minitab software (Version 19.0, Minitab Inc., Enterprise Drive State College, PA, USA). 63 PCA is a multivariate technique 64 used to analyze data containing several intercorrelated quantitative dependent variables. It extracts the critical information from data and represents it using orthogonal variables known as principal components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating effects of deficit irrigation levels and fertilizer rates on water use efficiency and productivity based on field observations and modeling approaches

Shoukat¹,

Shafeeque²,

Sarwar³

et al. 2021

IJH

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Investigating the effects of optimized fertilizer and irrigation levels on water use efficiency and productivity of wheat crop at small farms is of great importance for precise and sustainable agriculture in Pakistan's irrigated areas. However, traditional farmer practices for wheat production are inefficient and unsustainable. This study aimed to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation and nitrophos fertilizer levels on bread wheat grain yield, yield parameters, nutrient use and water use efficiencies in bed planting wheat compared to traditional farmers' practices in the flat sowing method. The two-year field experiment followed a randomized complete block design of three replications, taking three irrigation treatments according to the requirement of crop estimated by CROPWAT model (100% of ETC), deficit irrigation (80% of ETC), and deficit irrigation 60% of ETC and three nitrophos fertilizer treatments (farmer practice 120 kg N ha-1, optimized 96 kg N ha-1, and 84 kg N ha-1) at different growth stages. Crop ETC was calculated using the FAO CROPWAT 8.0 model from the last ten years (2003-2013) average climate data of the experimental station. The traditional farmer practice treatment was included as a control treatment with a flat sowing method compared with other sown-by-bed planter treatments. All treatments were provided with an equivalent amount of fertilizer at the basal dose. Before the first and second irrigation, top-dressing fertilizer was used in traditional farmers' treatment at the third leaf and tillering stages. It was applied in optimized treatments before the first, second, and third irrigation at the third leaf, tillering and shooting stages, respectively, under the bed planting method. The deficit level of irrigation (80% of ETc) and optimized fertilizer (96 kg N ha-1) showed the optimum grain yield, nutrient use, and water use efficiencies, with 20% reduced irrigation water and fertilizer levels than traditional farming practice. The results suggest that bread wheat should be irrigated with 80% of ETC and applied 96 kg N ha-1 nitrophos fertilizer at the third leaf, tillering, and shooting stages to achieve higher grain yield and water and nutrient use efficiencies under bed planting.

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“…Samples of developing storage roots at 80, 100 and 130 DAP were prepared. Total amino acid contents were determined by an HPLC method [36] with three replicates (n = 3). The samples were hydrolyzed with 6 N HCl at 110 • C for 22 h. The mixtures were evaporated and dissolved in 1 mL of 0.02 N HCl.…”

Section: Measurement Of Amino Acid Contents In Developing Storage Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabonomic Profiling Analyses Reveal ANS Upregulation to Enhance the Flavonoid Pathway of Purple-Fleshed Sweet Potato Storage Root in Response to Deep Shading

Zhu

Sun

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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Intercropping, as a common worldwide cultivation pattern, provides opportunities for sustainable agriculture with fuller use of light, temperature and land resources and greater yield per unit of land. The intercropping impact on crop quality is a current focus. This study found that shading cultivation of purple-fleshed sweet potato can improve the storage root pigment accumulation by more than 20% to increase economic benefits. We performed gas chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis of storage roots of the anthocyanin-enriched cultivar Jihei-1 under 60% shading and nonshaded treatments. A total of 224 differential metabolites were identified, among which N-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine, 1-monopalmitin, 4-pyridoxic acid, dodecano, arbutin, tryptophan, citrulline and phenylalanine were significantly upregulated under shading with a more than 10-fold change. Furthermore, metabolic pathway enrichment maps were based on the biological processes and stratification level selected. These metabolites mainly influenced the pathways of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, the citrate cycle, organic acid biosynthesis and metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Through tissue-specific dynamic changes in amino acids, soluble sugars, starch and anthocyanins during storage root development, we proposed a variety-specific strategy of purple-fleshed sweet potato in response to prolonged deep shading, that is, utilizing and enhancing broad aboveground-tissue photosynthesis and transferring photosynthates into roots in advance, leading to a rapid increase in storage root anthocyanin synthesis. With comprehensive qPCR, western blot and enzyme activity analyses, we identified three key enzymes, CHS, ANS and 3GT, in purple-fleshed sweet potato storage roots in response to shading, which affect the root anthocyanin content by influencing the flavonoid metabolism pathway. This study provides a theoretical basis for revealing the regulation of anthocyanin synthesis in crops and a guidance for high-quality sweet potato cultivation and nutritional improvement using shade facilities.

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Evaluation of craft beers through the direct determination of amino acids by capillary electrophoresis and principal component analysis

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of Adding Bifidobacterium animalis BZ25 on the Flavor, Functional Components and Biogenic Amines of Natto by Bacillus subtilis GUTU09

Effect of Adding Bifidobacterium animalis BZ25 on the Flavor, Functional Components and Biogenic Amines of Natto by Bacillus subtilis GUTU09

Investigating effects of deficit irrigation levels and fertilizer rates on water use efficiency and productivity based on field observations and modeling approaches

Metabonomic Profiling Analyses Reveal ANS Upregulation to Enhance the Flavonoid Pathway of Purple-Fleshed Sweet Potato Storage Root in Response to Deep Shading

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