Evaluation of Corpus Callosum Anisotropy in Young Adults With Fetal Alcohol Syndrome According to Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Ma, Xiangyang; Coles, Claire D.; Lynch, Mary Ellen; LaConte, Stephen M.; Zurkiya, Omar; Wang, Danli; Hu, Xiaoping

doi:10.1097/01.alc.0000171934.22755.6d

Cited by 115 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…3d, e, our VBM result also shows decreased WM in the corpus callosum and increased GM at least in the ventral frontal lobe and bilateral parietal areas. These observations are all consistent with the previous findings reported by morphological studies of PAE (Archibald et al 2001;Ma et al 2005;Sowell et al 2001a;Sowell et al 2001b;Sowell et al 2002). As generally described by Sowell and colleagues (2001b), the PAE subjects tend to have too much gray matter and too little white matter.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…(Archibald et al 2001;Riikonen et al 1999;Sowell et al 2001b;Sowell et al 2002). By using the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) technique, we recently also found significant difference in the diffusion fractional anisotropy and apparent diffusion coefficient in the corpus callosum of alcohol-affected young adults compared with the non-exposed controls (Ma et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Occipital-temporal Reduction and Sustained Visual Attention Deficit in Prenatal Alcohol Exposed Adults

Peltier

et al. 2007

Brain Imaging and Behavior

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Visual attention problems have been reported in association with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). With related behavioral data documented in literature, further investigation of this PAE effect would benefit from integrating functional and anatomical imaging data to ascertain its neurobiological basis. The current study investigated the possible functional and anatomical bases for the PAE-related visual sustained attention deficit. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected while the subjects performed a sustained visual attention task. High resolution, three dimensional anatomical images were also collected for morphometric evaluation. In the alcohol-affected subjects, we observed a significant white and gray matter volume reduction in the occipital-temporal area. Meanwhile, their fMRI activations in the same region resided more superiorly than that of the controls resulting in reduced activation in the ventral occipital-temporal area. The location of this PAE functional abnormality approximately matches that of the significant structural reduction. In addition to the well documented corpus callosum abnormalities observed in PAE subjects, the present results reveal a teratogenic effect on the occipital-temporal area. Furthermore, as the occipital-temporal area plays an important role in visual attention, the current observation suggests a neurobiological underpinning for the PAE related deficit in sustained visual attention.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Occipital-temporal Reduction and Sustained Visual Attention Deficit in Prenatal Alcohol Exposed Adults

Peltier

et al. 2007

Brain Imaging and Behavior

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“…Consistent with sMRI-revealed abnormal midline structures, a number of DTI studies have reported decreased FA in the corpus callosum of children and young adults with FASD, both as a whole structure [70] and in different subregions including the splenium, posterior mid-body and isthmus [71][72][73][74]. Children and young adults with FASD also exhibited lower FA in the right cingulum, bilateral inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculi (ILF and SLF respectively) and left thalamus [74][75][76]; the frontal, parietal and occipital lobes [73;77]; the medial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex [78];…”

supporting

confidence: 56%

Radiological studies of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in humans and animal models: An updated comprehensive review

Nguyen

Chong

Tieng

et al. 2017

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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“…Recently, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to evaluate the white matter integrity of the corpus callosum in alcohol-exposed participants (Ma et al, 2005). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) makes use of the random properties of water diffusion to generate images that can be used to evaluate tissue microstructure.…”

Section: Corpus Callosummentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimaging and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

Spadoni

McGee

Fryer

et al. 2007

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

127

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Heavy prenatal alcohol exposure causes permanent structural alterations to the brain and can lead to numerous cognitive and behavioral outcomes. Consistent with many of the neuropsychological and behavioral deficits that have been reported, neuroimaging studies reveal a pattern of structural abnormalities associated with prenatal alcohol exposure. This chapter systematically reviews structural anomalies by brain region, identifying cognitive and behavioral correlates when relevant. The consensus shows that in addition to the overall reduction of brain size, prominent brain shape abnormalities have been observed, with narrowing in the parietal region and reduced brain growth in portions of the frontal lobe. Commensurate with these anomalies, volumetric and tissue density findings cite disproportionate reductions in the parietal lobe, cerebellar vermis, corpus callosum, and the caudate nucleus, suggesting that certain areas of the brain may be especially vulnerable to prenatal alcohol exposure. In sum, neuroimaging techniques have greatly advanced our understanding of brain-behavior relationships in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), and hopefully will lead to improved diagnosis and treatment options for those affected by prenatal exposure to alcohol.

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Evaluation of Corpus Callosum Anisotropy in Young Adults With Fetal Alcohol Syndrome According to Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Cited by 115 publications

References 38 publications

Occipital-temporal Reduction and Sustained Visual Attention Deficit in Prenatal Alcohol Exposed Adults

Occipital-temporal Reduction and Sustained Visual Attention Deficit in Prenatal Alcohol Exposed Adults

Radiological studies of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in humans and animal models: An updated comprehensive review

Neuroimaging and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

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