Evaluation of Contraceptive Efficacy and Cycle Control of a Transdermal Contraceptive Patch vs an Oral Contraceptive&lt;SUBTITLE&gt;A Randomized Controlled Trial&lt;/SUBTITLE&gt;

Audet, Marie‐Claude; Moreau, M.; Koltun, William; Waldbaum, Arthur; Shangold, Gary A.; Fisher, Alan C.; Creasy, George W.

doi:10.1001/jama.285.18.2347

Cited by 302 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…This is consistent with the complete detachment rate of less than 2% reported in previous studies of up to 13 cycles' duration involving more than 3000 Ortho Evra™ users. [17][18][19] Ortho Evra™ is a new delivery method of combination hormonal contraception that has demonstrated efficacy and safety comparable to combination oral contraceptives. 17,19 Compliance with the dosing schedule of Ortho Evra™ was shown to be better than compliance with the daily dosing regimen of combination oral contraceptives.…”

Section: Norelgestromin and Ethinyl Estradiolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17,19 Compliance with the dosing schedule of Ortho Evra™ was shown to be better than compliance with the daily dosing regimen of combination oral contraceptives. 17,19 The simpler dosing schedule for Ortho Evra™ may explain these results. Although combination oral contraceptive labeling reports that 5% of women will experience contraceptive failure during the first year of use, estimates as high as 8.5% have been reported in the literature.…”

Section: Norelgestromin and Ethinyl Estradiolmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pharmacokinetics of Norelgestromin and Ethinyl Estradiol Delivered by a Contraceptive Patch (Ortho Evra™/Evra™) under Conditions of Heat, Humidity, and Exercise

Abrams

Skee

Natarajan

et al. 2001

The Journal of Clinical Pharma

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The objectives of this randomized, open‐label, three‐period, incomplete block design study were to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of norelgestromin (NGMN) and ethinyl estradiol (EE) delivered by the contraceptive patch, Ortho EvraTM/EvraTM, and to evaluate patch adhesion under conditions of heat, humidity, and exercise. During each treatment period, 30 healthy women wore Ortho EvraTM on the abdomen for 7 days under one of six conditions (normal activity, sauna, whirlpool, treadmill, cool water immersion, ora combination of activities). Blood samples were collected before and several times to 240 hours after patch application. Mean serum concentrations of NGMN and EE generally remained within the reference ranges, 0.6 to 1.2 ng/ml and 25 to 75 pg/ml, respectively, duringthe 7‐day wear period for all activities. Only 1 (1.1%) of 87 patches completely detached spontaneously. Peel force measurements were comparable for all activities. Ortho EvraTM was well tolerated. In conclusion, Ortho EvraTM delivers efficacious concentrations of NGMN and EE and maintains adhesive reliability through 7 days of wear even under conditions of heat, humidity, and exercise.

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Section: Norelgestromin and Ethinyl Estradiolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Norelgestromin and Ethinyl Estradiolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of Norelgestromin and Ethinyl Estradiol Delivered by a Contraceptive Patch (Ortho Evra™/Evra™) under Conditions of Heat, Humidity, and Exercise

Abrams

Skee

Natarajan

et al. 2001

The Journal of Clinical Pharma

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“…81 Although compliance with using the patch is improved compared with OCPs, the risk of pregnancy with correct use of the patch was higher for women who weigh more than 198 pounds (0.9% in first 12 months of use) compared with women who weigh less (0.3%). 82,83 Obviously, the risks of pregnancy must be discussed as methods are considered; a pregnancy rate of 1% at the end of 1 year in a patient who weighs more than 200 pounds, refuses other methods, and chooses to remain sexually active is a more acceptable alternative than a pregnancy risk of 85% with no protection. For issues related to compliance, the added value of the patch should be considered.…”

Section: Other Combined Hormonal Contraceptive Methods (Nuvaring and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contraception and Adolescents

2007

Pediatrics

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Although adolescent pregnancy rates in the United States have decreased significantly over the past decade, births to adolescents remain both an individual and public health issue. As advocates for the health and well-being of all young people, the American Academy of Pediatrics strongly supports the recommendation that adolescents postpone consensual sexual activity until they are fully ready for the emotional, physical, and financial consequences of sex. The academy recognizes, however, that some young people will choose not to postpone sexual activity, and as health care providers, the responsibility of pediatricians includes helping teens reduce risks and negative health consequences associated with adolescent sexual behaviors, including unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections. This policy statement provides the pediatrician with updated information on contraception methods and guidelines for counseling adolescents. INTRODUCTIONPediatricians have an important role in adolescent reproductive health care. Their long-term relationships with patients and families allow them to help promote healthy decision-making around sexuality and include abstinence as a way to avoid the negative consequences associated with risky sexual behaviors. As advocates for the health and well-being of young people, pediatricians communicate their recommendation to adolescent patients to postpone sexual activity until they are ready, because any sexual activity for which the adolescent is ill prepared may have emotional, physical, and financial consequences. However, clinicians recognize that some of their adolescent patients are sexually active or will choose to become so. Recent studies indicate that, for some adolescents, even participating in formal programs that advocate abstinence and signing abstinence pledges do not result in abstinent behavior. 1,2 Pediatricians can have an active role in encouraging their adolescent patients to use contraception to reduce the risk of unintended pregnancies and to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In previous publications, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has addressed issues of adolescent sexuality, unwanted pregnancy, STIs, and contraception. 3 This policy statement provides the pediatrician with updated information on adolescent sexual behavior, which may lead to pregnancy, including guidelines for counseling adolescents about available methods of contraception. Current methods available are discussed, as are methods in development. ADOLESCENT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR AND USE OF CONTRACEPTIONReported contraceptive use by adolescents has increased in recent years. From 1991 to 2005, the percentage of sexually active high school students who reported using a condom the last time they had sexual intercourse increased from 46.2% to www.pediatrics.org/cgi

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“…24 Side-effect profi le is comparable to most low dose OCs with the exception of higher rates of breast pain noted with the patch. 25 Irregular bleeding on OCs is usually not signifi cantly improved with the use of the patch. In 2005, the FDA changed patch labeling to refl ect 60% higher peak hormone levels in comparison to similar OCs.…”

Section: Hormonal Patch and Ringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contraceptive Options for the Perimenopausal Woman

Casey

Marnach

Pruthi

2008

Clinical medicine. Reproductive health

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Evaluation of Contraceptive Efficacy and Cycle Control of a Transdermal Contraceptive Patch vs an Oral Contraceptive<SUBTITLE>A Randomized Controlled Trial</SUBTITLE>

Abstract: The contraceptive patch is comparable to a combination OC in contraceptive efficacy and cycle control. Compliance was better with the weekly contraceptive patch than with the OC.

Cited by 302 publications

References 16 publications

Pharmacokinetics of Norelgestromin and Ethinyl Estradiol Delivered by a Contraceptive Patch (Ortho Evra™/Evra™) under Conditions of Heat, Humidity, and Exercise

Pharmacokinetics of Norelgestromin and Ethinyl Estradiol Delivered by a Contraceptive Patch (Ortho Evra™/Evra™) under Conditions of Heat, Humidity, and Exercise

Contraception and Adolescents

Contraceptive Options for the Perimenopausal Woman

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