Evaluation of Concrete Resistance to Chloride Ions Penetration by Means of Electric Resistivity Monitoring

Abstract

The chloride‐induced corrosion of reinforcing steel is the major reason for the premature deterioration and degradation of field concrete structures built in a salt‐laden environment. The results of investigation of the bituminous addition effect on Portland cement concrete resistance to chloride ions penetration are presented in this paper. Chloride penetration was simulated by subjecting samples to cyclic loading with salt solution and drying. Concrete resistivity development was monitored during 12 months. The test results have been analysed to verify the effect of addition content, the time of exposure in aggressive environment, as well as the sort of cement on chloride ion permeability of Portland cement concrete. The statistical analysis showed that bituminous addition significantly improves the concrete resistance to chloride salt solution penetration.

Effect of Carbon Nanotubes on Chloride Penetration in Cement Mortars

“…The effect of salt spray (fog) corrosion test on the mortars' electrical properties was investigated by measurement of surface electrical resistivity at successive depths inside the ground mortars, with a step of 10 mm, as shown in Figure 11. The depicted changes in electrical resistivity at successive depths below the exposed surface are indicative of physical and chemical changes taking place into the material [33]. Specimens with 0%, 0.2% and 0.4% nano-inclusion concentrations, demonstrate a gradual increase in surface electrical resistivity with interrogation depth and reach, at a depth of 60 mm, a practically common value.…”

“…The values of chloride diffusion coefficient usually vary from 10 −13 m 2 /s to 10 −10 m 2 /s [31] in relation to the concrete properties such as w/cm ratio, the type and proportion of mineral admixtures and cement, the material's compaction and curing state, chloride exposure conditions, as well as the presence of cracks [32]. Currently available experimental methods for the determination of concrete's resistance to chloride ion penetration include the rapid chloride permeability test (RCPT) as shown by Marta Kosior-Kazberuk [33], the rapid chloride test (RCT) method, and the rapid chloride migration test (RMT) [10,[34][35][36][37][38][39]. Probably the most straightforward way of measuring chloride penetration is to immerse the specimens under investigation in salty solutions with different concentrations for specific periods of time depending on the needs of the experiment [40][41][42].…”

Resistivity Method Evaluation of Corroded OPS-Concrete

“…One is chloride penetration, which can cause structure corrosion [33]. The ingress of chloride in concrete, considered a pathology, will affect the durability of reinforced concrete structural elements [34][35][36]. In the case of the field, these chloride ions come from seawater in contact with the concrete surface or external chloride ions through fine air droplets carried by the wind and enter the concrete through capillaries or absorption [37].…”