Evaluation of concentrate and dilute ground air-carrier and aircraft spray coverage

Evaluation of Three Types of Vineyard Sprayers by Measurement of Carbaryl Deposit, Dye Distribution, and Control of Powdery Mildew and Two-Spotted Mite

“…Krestensen and Graham (1964) re-ported equivalent control of insects and diseases on peach trees with both a 33x concentrate and a 3X concentrate applied by growers (concentrations identifled as multiples of the recommended dilute rate). Kilgore et al (1964) obtained equal control of almond diseases when captan was applied at the dilute and 16X cbncentrations from high-volume and low-volume ground air-carrier sprayers, respectively. 190 25Vo in chemical by using concentrate sprays.…”

Susceptibility of almond leaf to Coryneum blight, and evaluation of helicopter spray applications for disease control

“…Previous tests by O'Reilly (1957) with airplane spray applications showed ineffective control. Kilgore, Yates, and Ogawa (1964) obtained data showing that little fungicide was deposited on lower surfaces of glass slides by fixed-wing and helicopter aircraft, and this resulted in poor shothole control. However, ground sprayers deposited greater amounts on lower surfaces of glass slides and controlled the disease.…”

“…), but were ineffective when applied by fixed-wing and helicopter aircrafts (Kilgore, et al, 1964).2 Fungicide deposits from fixedwing aircraft spray applications were large on upper surfaces of glass slides suspended in trees, but were small on bottom surfaces of the slides. Concentrate ground spray applications deposited large amounts of fungicide on both surfaces of leaves and glass slides (Kilgore et al, 1964;Ogawa and Yates, 1962) . The helicopter was tested because of the need for air applications during early spring when the ground is too wet for ground equipment.…”