Evaluation of Comparative in Vitro Free Radical Scavenging Potential of Bark Extracts of Acacia Catechu

Abstract

Objective: This study was aimed at investigating the comparative 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging potential of different bark extracts of Acacia catechu. The assessment was conducted following concentration-dependent and seasonal-dependent impacts of the same using samples collected in different seasons over 2 successive years. Methods: In this, six extracts using ethanol, methanol, aqueous, acetone, chloroform, and benzene solvents were prepared. For the in vitro study, a standard DPPH solution (0.15 mM) was used to check how well the test samples got rid of free radicals. The major biochemical components of test plants, such as quercetin, gallic acid, and catechin, were used as standard drugs. Results: Among all test drug concentrations, 31.5–500 μg/mL drug concentrations were observed to be effective, whereas 15.25, 750, and 1000 μg/mL concentrations exerted negligible scavenging effects, and 125 μg/mL concentrations were found to be most effective (p<0.01 or more). The order of scavenging potential of different extracts is seen to be methanolic≥ethanolic>aqueous>acetone>chloroform>benzene. The samples collected during the rainy season were the least effective. Samples collected during the winter and summer seasons, on the other hand, were both more effective (p<0.05) at removing DPPH free radicals. Conclusion: This study helps to provide primary data on the concentration range, impact of the extraction medium, and sample collected in different seasons. Probably, these findings signify a notable progression in the investigation of the utilization of native plant species for medicinal purposes.