Evaluation of commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculants

Abstract

Afin d'optimiser l'usage des mycorhizes en agriculture, douze inoculants commerciaux de champignon mycorhizien arbusculaire (CMA) furent évalués en serres sur le maïs. Dans un premier temps, les inoculants furent propagés en pots sur sable stérilisé afin d'évaluer leur potentiel sur la colonisation racinaire du maïs par rapport à celui d'un sol agricole du Kenya et d'inventorier les espèces CMA contenues dans les inoculants. Trois inoculants augmentèrent le taux de colonisation racinaire comparé au sol agricole. Treize espèces AMF furent isolées des inoculants dont 5 non déclarées. Quatre des 12 espèces annoncées n'ont pas sporulé. Dans une seconde expérience, les inoculants furent utilisés en combinaison avec le sol agricole afin d'évaluer leur impact sur le rendement du maïs. Six semaines après le semis, 7 inoculants augmentèrent le taux de colonisation racinaire par rapport au sol témoin alors que 3 inoculants entraînèrent une légère augmentation de la biomasse aérienne. Ces évaluations démontrent la nécessité d'effectuer une pré-évaluation des inoculants commerciaux sur une culture et un sol donnés avant de les implanter à grande échelle. (Résumé d'auteur

Selecting Native Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to Promote Cassava Growth and Increase Yield under Field Conditions

“…As a persistent and abundant generalist, A. colombiana may have been a good competitor under field conditions, as in the greenhouse. Moreover, since commercial inoculants can be either ineffective (Faye et al, 2013) or badly formulated (Corkidi et al, 2004), the use of A. colombiana is more likely to be affordable and effective for cassava farmers in tropical and subtropical regions.…”

Utilization of inoculum of AM fungi produced on-farm increases the yield of Solanum lycopersicum: A summary of 7 years of field trials on a conventional vegetable farm with high soil phosphorus

“…Inocula containing one or more AM fungi are available commercially and are produced in a variety of ways (IJdo et al, 2011;Faye et al, 2013). Commercially-available inocula all require processing for the isolation of AM fungus propagules from the growth medium, formulation, and packaging for transport and sale.…”

The Production and Potential of Biofertilizers to Improve Crop Yields

“…They suggested that new developments should use renewable, non-contaminated natural resources opening up new avenues for research. Herrmann and Lesueur (2013) emphasized the importance of a suitable carrier to protect the microorganisms from the often-harsh conditions during storage and to ensure their survival and establishment after introduction into soils as well as the need for adequate quality controls, both during production and storage.…”

“…Faye et al (2013) assessed 12 commercial AMF inoculants sourced globally in a two-step experiment under greenhouse conditions. In this study, only three inoculants significantly increased root colonization levels compared to no sterile soil.…”

“…As mycorrhizal fungi are present in virtually all soils, introduced strains of mycorrhizal fungi must always compete with indigenous communities unless these have previously been removed by soil sterilization such as in intensive glasshouse production (Jansa et al 2006). However, results described by Faye et al (2013) strongly suggest a change in the current production system in order to significantly improve the quality of the biofertilizers and to deliver better performing AMF biofertilizers. However, the control of the purity and the load of infective propagules of AMF biofertilizers are technically more difficult than the control of bacterial biofertilizers.…”