Evaluation of Coloured Sticky Traps for Monitoring Populations of Austroasca viridigrisea (Paoli) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) on Cotton Farms

Abstract

Field tests on the colour response of Austroasca viridigrisea adults were conducted using square (30 x 30 cm) coloured sticky traps placed in a cotton field. Among the colours tested, adults were attracted most to yellow traps emitting light in the 500-600 nm region (peak reflectance at 560 nm), followed by green and orange, then red, deep blue, black, magenta and true blue. Dilution of yellow with white to produce yellow-white hues resulted in a significant decline in A . viridigrisea captures. Reflectance spectra of painted surfaces of enamel colours and also traps with different hues of yellow indicated that A . viridigrisea capture rates were directly related to the amount of light reflected in the 500-600 nm zone, the wavelength at which peak reflectance of green plants occurs. This positive behavioural response of A . viridigrisea to yellow suggests that the leafhopper can discriminate foliage-like hues (500-580 nm) from non foliage-like hues (< 500 nm and > 580 nm) and therefore could detect herbaceous foliage on the basis of colour. Significantly higher numbers of adults were caught at heights between 25-75 cm than at 100, 125 and 150 cm above ground level. To monitor flight phenology and populations of A . viridigrisea, yellow sticky traps should be placed at heights between 25 and 75 cm above ground level.

Comparison of Trap Types, Placement, and Colors for Monitoring Anthonomus musculus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Adults in Highbush Blueberries

“…Attraction of insects to colors is based on their sensitivity to different wavelengths of light ( Li et al 2017 ). Yellow, the most attractive to A. musculus adults of those tested here, reflects light at wavelengths between 550 and 600 nm (this study, Mensah et al 1996 , Rodriguez-Saona et al 2012 ). Previous studies have also shown that similar wavelength ranges (500–600 nm) are most suitable for trapping other weevil species such as A. grandis and Diaprepes abbreviatus ( L. Cross et al 1976 , Otálora-Luna and Dickens 2011 ).…”

Influence of Sticky Trap Color and Height Above Ground on Capture of AlateElatobium abietinum(Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Sitka Spruce Plantations

“…This reßects a general pattern in that trap captures of nonmigrating, locally dispersing herbivorous insects are usually highest either within or immediately above the vegetation layer and decrease rapidly above, irrespective of overall plant height. Thus, in agricultural crops, higher numbers of aphids, leafhoppers, and leaf beetles are caught on sticky traps or in water pan traps placed near the ground or at crop level than at 0.5Ð3 m above the ground (Gonzalez and Rawlings 1968, Meyerdirk and OldÞeld 1985, Mensah 1997, Esker et al 2004). In apple orchards in comparison, adult Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) were caught in higher numbers on red sticky spheres placed at 3 m than at 2.1 m and 1.2 m, reßecting the tendency of the adult ßies to congregate around the upper canopy of the trees (Prokopy 1972, Ressig 1975.…”

“…Yellow sticky traps are used widely to monitor ßying aphids and other Homoptera in agricultural crops and protected environments (Southwood andHenderson 2000, Young, 2005), but they have been used less often in forest and woodland situations and the factors that inßuence their efÞ-ciency in capturing aphids associated with trees are less well understood. Trap efÞciency has been shown to depend on trap size, shape, orientation and color (AÕBrook 1973, Alverson et al 1977, Chandler 1981, Finch and Collier 1989, Prasad and Lal 2001, their position relative to foliage and height above ground (Meyerdirk and OldÞeld 1985, Mensah 1997, Esker et al 2004, and wind speed, temperature and rainfall (Taylor andPalmer 1972, Zehnder andSpeese 1987). In this paper, we report on trials designed to identify the optimum height to place sticky traps within spruce plantations and the most effective trap color.…”

Impact of melon varieties, planting dates and use of sticky traps on suppressing aphid populations on melon plants

“…Traps based on the response of insects to color have been widely used in integrated pest management programs in diverse cultivated crops (Gerling & Horowitz 1984, Hill & Hooper 1984, Chandler 1985, Meyerdirk & Oldfield 1985. Yellow sticky traps are more attractive to aphids (Broadbent 1948, Heatcote, 1957, whiteflies and leafhoppers (Welch & Kondratieff 1993, Mensah 1996, Chancellor et al 1997, thrips adults (Matteson & Terry 1992, Heinz et al 1992, Cho et al 1995, Pearsall 2002, Trap height also is important for mass trapping and monitoring insect populations (Ladd et al 1984, Chandler 1985, Byrne et al 1986.…”