Evaluation of city refuse compost maturity: a review

Jiménez, Emeterio Iglesias; García, Víctor Pérez

doi:10.1016/0269-7483(89)90039-6

Cited by 272 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…The results for this ratio showed a strong fall at the beginning of the process (from day 0 to day 15), while minor changes occurred during the curing stage, as has been described by other authors (Iglesias Jiménez and Pérez Garcı´a, 1992;Chefetz et al, 1996;Veeken et al, 2000). The final values for the C/N ratio were in most cases under 15, which is the established limit for mature compost (Mustin, 1987;Iglesias Jiménez and Pérez García, 1989), although, 10 is considered the ideal value. However, this limit is hardly ever achievable owing to the presence of recalcitrant organic molecules and other compounds that are resistant to decomposition (Mathur, 1991).…”

Section: Evolution Of Parameterssupporting

confidence: 77%

Effect of inoculation in composting processes: Modifications in lignocellulosic fraction

et al. 2007

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Section: Evolution Of Parameterssupporting

confidence: 77%

Effect of inoculation in composting processes: Modifications in lignocellulosic fraction

et al. 2007

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“…A germination index value above 50% indicates that the maturity was sufficient and phytotoxic compounds such as acetic, propionic, butyric and iosbutyric acid might have not been metabolized, inhibiting germination [25,26,[43][44][45].…”

Section: Germination Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of heavy metals during composting of the tannery sludge using physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques

Haroun

Idris

Omar

2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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The major limitation of direct application of tannery sludge compost in agriculture is the total heavy metal contents and their bioavailability to the soil-plant system. This study focused on the heavy metal characterization and the influence of changing the physicochemical properties of the medium throughout the composting on the concentrations, bioavailability or chemical forms of Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd in tannery sludge. The study shows that throughout the 60 days of composting, physicochemical analysis and Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic characterization show that all parameters elaborated and reached relatively stable levels reflecting the stability and maturity of the final product, and revealed the biodegradation of components that can be easily assimilated by microorganism. The C/N ratio reaches the optimal range of stable compost; inorganic nitrogen is transformed into stable organic forms. The total concentration of Cr, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd is very low rendering final compost acceptable for agricultural use. The germination index for both Chinese cabbage and lettuce was 97% after 60 days of composting, showing that the final compost was not phytotoxic. Furthermore, in using a sequential extraction method in sludge compost at different phases of treatment, a less than 2% of metals bound to bioavailable fractions X-(KNO(3)+H(2)O). A large proportion of the heavy metals were associated to the residual fraction (75-85%) and more resistant fractions to extraction X-NaOH, X-EDTA, X-HNO(3) (15-25%). Mobile fractions of metals are poorly predictable from the total content. Bioavailability of all fractions of elements tends to decrease.

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“…) Immature composts may immobilize native and added N and reduce plant growth (Sims 1990), whereas mature composts could suppress plant pathogens and increase yields (King 1984;Inbar et al 1986) Mature composts have high nitrate content as the result of aerobic composting (N'Dayegamiye and Isfan 1991;Forster et al 1993). Therefore, heavy application of mature composts with a high NO 3 -N content could cause N excess in soil-plant systems and be a risk to the environment (King 1984;Iglesias-Jiménez and Pérez-Garcia 1989).…”

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Nitrogen mineralization and availability in manure composts from Québec biological farms

N’Dayegamiye¹,

Royer²,

Audesse³

1997

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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N'Dayegamiye, A., Royer, R. and Audesse, P. 1997. Nitrogen-mineralization and availability in manure composts from Québec biological farms. Can. J. Soil Sci. 77: 345-350. The real contribution of composts to N availability depends on their characteristics and maturity. A laboratory incubation experiment (140 d) was conducted parallel to a greenhouse study (330 d) in a split-split-plot design, with, respectively, two peat rates (0, 20 g kg -1 soil), five manure composts and four compost rates (0, 250, 500 and 750 g kg -1 soil). Compost N mineralization, orchardgrass (Dactylis Glomerata L.) yield and N uptake were measured. Total amount of mineralized N and yields and N uptake for six cuts of orchardgrass varied significantly with the type of composts and rate. Peat addition temporarily decreased compost N mineralization rate but significantly increased orchardgrass yields and N uptake as compared to peatless treatments. Mineralized N represented <3% of total N, whereas N uptake by orchardgrass represented 13-40% of total N among composts. This low mineralized N value compared to total N and total N uptake was due to a high maturity of the composts studied. This was shown by high humic acid : fulvic acid fraction ratios (3.1 to 4.8) and low nonhumic fraction:humic acid+fulvic acid ratios (0.10 to 0.12), as well as low C/N ratios, high bulk density, high ash content, pH, NO 3 -N and CEC values. Even if peat addition decreased mineralized N basically due to temporary N immobilization, its application significantly increased yields and N uptake probably by improving physical conditions in soil-manure compost mixtures. Peat addition to mature manure composts should be considered as an interesting alternative for horticultural plants sensitive to high NO 3 -N content from mature composts.Key word: Manure composts, peat, N mineralization, N availability, humification ratios or indexes, yields, orchardgrass N'Dayegamiye, A., Royer, R. et Audesse, P. 1997. Minéralisation et disponibilité de l'azote des composts de fumier. Can. J. Soil Sci. 77: 345-350. La disponibilité de l'azote des composts de fumier est reliée à leurs caractéristiques physico-chimiques et leur maturité. Une étude en incubation prolongée (140 jours) a été conduite ainsi qu'un essai en serres (330 jours) afin d'évaluer l'effet de l'ajout de tourbe, du type de composts et des doses de composts sur la minéralisation d'azote, ainsi que sur le rendement et les prélèvements en azote du millet japonais (Dactylis Glomerata L.). Le dispositif consistait en split-split-plot avec deux doses de tourbe (0, 20 g kg -1 sol), cinq types de composts de fumier et quatre doses de composts (0, 250, 500, 750 g kg -1 sol), respectivement. Les résultats obtenus montrent que le type et la dose de composts ont significativement influencé le contenu en azote total minéralisé ainsi que le rendement et les prélèvements en azote du millet japonais pendant six coupes. L'ajout de la tourbe aux composts de fumier a temporairement diminué le taux de minéralisation des composts, mais a ...

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Evaluation of city refuse compost maturity: a review

Abstract: Evaluation of the maturity of domestic refuse compost has been widely recognized as one of the most important problems concerning the composting process and the application of this product to the land. This has given rise, in Printed in Great Britain

Cited by 272 publications

References 34 publications

Effect of inoculation in composting processes: Modifications in lignocellulosic fraction

Effect of inoculation in composting processes: Modifications in lignocellulosic fraction

Analysis of heavy metals during composting of the tannery sludge using physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques

Nitrogen mineralization and availability in manure composts from Québec biological farms

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