Evaluation of children with chronic cough including obstructive sleep apnea: a single-center experience

İlarslan, Nisa Eda Çullas; Günay, Fatih; Haskoloğlu, Zehra Şule; Bal, Sevgi Köstel; Tezcaner, Zahide Çiler; Kırşaçlıoğlu, Ceyda Tuna; Fırat, Selma; Altuntaş, Cansu; Çiftçi, Bülent; Özgürsoy, Ozan Bağış; Çobanoğlu, Nazan

doi:10.1007/s00431-018-3276-x

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…PBB is also known as persistent endobronchial infection and chronic bronchitis of childhood [4]. It was the most frequent etiologies in children with chronic cough [19], however, it has remained largely unrecognized [20]. To make an accurate diagnosis and a therapeutic approach to this common disease in children is needed [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on protracted bacterial bronchitis in children

2020

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Background: Chronic cough is a common symptom in children and protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) is one of the causes of chronic cough. However, the understanding of this disease remains limited. The present study aims to update PBB in children. Methods: The clinical data of children with PBB from 2014 to 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and PBB clinical features of published studies were summarized. Electronic databases were searched in May 2019. Clinical studies were included in the present study. Reviews were undertaken in duplicate. Results: Totally 712 cases were analyzed in this study, including 52 cases in our center and 660 cases from 14 studies. In the 52 cases, 88.5% of patients with PBB were less than 6 years old and all of them complained of wet cough. Three cases were confirmed with laryngomalacia, and microbiologically-based-PBB were identified in 13 cases (9 Streptococcus pneumonia, 3 Staphylococcus aureus, and 1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Twenty cases were completely remitted after treatment. In the 14 studies, the patients with PBB were typically younger than 3 years old, accompanying wheezing and airway malacia. Co-infection was common in most western cases, Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenza and Moraxella catarrhalis were the top three pathogens. Symptoms were improved in most patients, whereas some cases with comorbidities required prolonged antibiotics treatment. Conclusions: PBB is common in male infants with chronic wet cough and accompanied by wheezing and airway deformities. Most cases are clinically diagnosed PBB in China and microbiologically-based-PBB is common in western countries. Co-infection could be found, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenza were the most frequent etiology in China and western countries, respectively. Patients with comorbidities may need extended antibiotics treatment for more than 2 weeks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on protracted bacterial bronchitis in children

2020

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“…5,21 Another study, by the age, defined chronic cough as a cough lasting >4 weeks in children <15 years and >8 weeks for adolescents ≥15 years. 18 Only one study did not make the chronic cough definition explicit. 17 More recently, according to the latest CHEST Expert Cough Panel guidelines, chronic cough has been defined as the presence of daily cough for more than 4 weeks for children aged ≤14 years.…”

Section: Search Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although none of the included studies was explicitly focused on clinical history and presentation of chronic cough in children, [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] it has been noted that positive personal and family history of atopy and a previous history of chronic cough were commonly detected in children affected by chronic cough. 11,16,[18][19][20] Passive tobacco exposure was commonly reported in patients with chronic cough. 11,16,18,20 At the time of presentation, the average cough duration differed widely among studies, ranging from <7 days to 30.6 weeks.…”

Section: Clinical History and Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,16,[18][19][20] Passive tobacco exposure was commonly reported in patients with chronic cough. 11,16,18,20 At the time of presentation, the average cough duration differed widely among studies, ranging from <7 days to 30.6 weeks. 11,22,24 Running nose and nasal congestion, dry throat with foreign body sensation, and repeated clearing of the throat often accompanied chronic wet cough that aggravates when the posture is changed or in the early morning.…”

Section: Clinical History and Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 By stratifying the pediatric population by age, a significant difference in the etiology of chronic cough appeared per the age range. 12,15,18,20 In the infant population (5 months-1 year of age), the sequence of the common causes of nonspecific chronic cough was upper airway cough syndrome (33.3%), cough < 10 children, reviews, guidelines, and articles not written in the English language were excluded from the analysis.…”

Section: Etiology Of Chronic Coughmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic cough in childhood: A systematic review for practical guidance by the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology

Marseglia

Manti

Chiappini

et al. 2021

aei

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The current systematic review presented and discussed the most recent studies on pediatric chronic cough. In addition, the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology elaborated a comprehensive algorithm to guide the primary care approach to a pediatric patient with chronic cough.Several algorithms on chronic cough management have been adopted and validated in clinical practice; however, unlike the latter, we developed an algorithm focused on pediatric age, from birth until adulthood. Based on our findings, children and adolescents with chronic cough without cough pointers can be safely managed, initially using the watchful waiting approach and, successively, starting empirical treatment based on cough characteristics. Unlike other algorithms that suggest laboratory and instrumental investigations as a first step, this review highlighted the importance of a “wait and see” approach, consisting of parental reassurance and close clinical observation, also due to interprofessional collaboration and communication between general practitioners and specialists that guarantee better patient management, appropriate prescription behavior, and improved patient outcome. Moreover, the neonatal screening program provided by the Italian National Health System, which intercepts several diseases precociously, allowing to treat them in a very early stage, helps and supports a “wait and see” approach.Conversely, in the presence of cough pointers or persistence of cough, the patient should be tested and treated by the specialist. Further investigations and treatments will be based on cough etiology, aiming to intercept the underlying disease, prevent potentially irreversible tissue damage, and improve the general health of patients affected by chronic cough, as well as the quality of life of patients and their family. Further high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to validate this algorithm’s performance in real clinical practice.

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