Evaluation of CD44+/CD24- and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Enzyme Markers in Cancer Stem Cells as Prognostic Indicators for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Mendez, Lisbeth Escudero; Srinivasan, Mirra; Hamouda, Ranim K; Ambedkar, B. R.; Arzoun, Hadia; Sahib, Isra; Fondeur, Jack; Mohammed, Lubna

doi:10.7759/cureus.28056

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 65 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The contradicted findings reported in the current study concerning the expression of CD24 as a marker of stemness within the breast cancer TME come in line with previous studies’ findings. Several studies had reported that breast CSCs population express C44 + /CD24 − surface markers and that their abundance is correlated with recurrence, metastasis, and therapy resistance [ 35 , 36 ]. Unlike CD44, CD24 was reported to be more expressed on differentiated breast cancer cells rather than progenitor cancer stem cells [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-IL-8 monoclonal antibodies inhibits the autophagic activity and cancer stem cells maintenance within breast cancer tumor microenvironment1

Abou Shousha,

Osman,

Baheeg

et al. 2024

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer tumor microenvironment (TME) is a promising target for immunotherapy. Autophagy, and cancer stem cells (CSCs) maintenance are essential processes involved in tumorigenesis, tumor survival, invasion, and treatment resistance. Overexpression of angiogenic chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) in breast cancer TME is associated with oncogenic signaling pathways, increased tumor growth, metastasis, and poor prognosis. OBJECTIVE: Thus, we aimed to investigate the possible anti-tumor effect of neutralizing antibodies against IL-8 by evaluating its efficacy on autophagic activity and breast CSC maintenance. METHODS: IL-8 monoclonal antibody supplemented tumor tissue culture systems from 15 females undergoing mastectomy were used to evaluate the expression of LC3B as a specific biomarker of autophagy and CD44, CD24 as cell surface markers of breast CSCs using immunofluorescence technique. RESULTS: Our results revealed that anti-IL-8 mAb significantly decreased the level of LC3B in the cultured tumor tissues compared to its non-significant decrease in the normal breast tissues. Anti-IL-8 mAb also significantly decreased the CD44 expression in either breast tumors or normal cultured tissues. While it caused a non-significant decrease in CD24 expression in cultured breast tumor tissue and a significant decrease in its expression in the corresponding normal ones. CONCLUSIONS: Anti-IL-8 monoclonal antibody exhibits promising immunotherapeutic properties through targeting both autophagy and CSCs maintenance within breast cancer TME.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-IL-8 monoclonal antibodies inhibits the autophagic activity and cancer stem cells maintenance within breast cancer tumor microenvironment1

Abou Shousha,

Osman,

Baheeg

et al. 2024

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In breast cancer, CD44 plays key roles in aggressive tumor behavior, 56 tumor progression, 57 CSCs trait induction, 58 , 59 and prognosis. 60 Rokana et al.…”

Section: Cd44 In Neoplastic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD44 and its implication in neoplastic diseases

Xu,

Bai,

Lan

et al. 2024

MedComm

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

CD44, a nonkinase single span transmembrane glycoprotein, is a major cell surface receptor for many other extracellular matrix components as well as classic markers of cancer stem cells and immune cells. Through alternative splicing of CD44 gene, CD44 is divided into two isoforms, the standard isoform of CD44 (CD44s) and the variant isoform of CD44 (CD44v). Different isoforms of CD44 participate in regulating various signaling pathways, modulating cancer proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance, with its aberrant expression and dysregulation contributing to tumor initiation and progression. However, CD44s and CD44v play overlapping or contradictory roles in tumor initiation and progression, which is not fully understood. Herein, we discuss the present understanding of the functional and structural roles of CD44 in the pathogenic mechanism of multiple cancers. The regulation functions of CD44 in cancers‐associated signaling pathways is summarized. Moreover, we provide an overview of the anticancer therapeutic strategies that targeting CD44 and preclinical and clinical trials evaluating the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and drug‐related toxicity about CD44‐targeted therapies. This review provides up‐to‐date information about the roles of CD44 in neoplastic diseases, which may open new perspectives in the field of cancer treatment through targeting CD44.

show abstract

“…As the most prevalent marker for CSCs, CD44’s expression is directly linked with the self-renewal and tumorigenic capacity of CSCs, contributing significantly to tumorigenesis ( 11 ). Numerous studies have indicated that heightened CD44 expression can escalate the tumorigenic potential in various cancers such as colorectal ( 12 ), breast ( 13 ) and gastric ( 14 ) cancers. Moreover, CD44 is extensively overexpressed in other cancer types like ovarian cancer ( 15 ) and oral squamous carcinoma ( 16 ), in which it is associated with aggressive biological behavior leading to a poor prognosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathological significance of cancer stem cell marker CD44/SOX2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients and construction of a nomogram to predict overall survival

Tian,

Ma,

Liu

et al. 2024

Transl Cancer Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), a prevalent malignancy within the upper gastrointestinal system, is characterized by its unfavorable prognosis and the absence of specific indicators for outcome prediction and high-risk case identification. In our research, we examined the expression levels of cancer stem cells (CSCs), markers CD44/SOX2 in ESCC, scrutinized their association with clinicopathological parameters, and developed a predictive nomogram model. This model, which incorporates CD44/SOX2, aims to forecast the overall survival (OS) of patients afflicted with ESCC. Methods Immunohistochemistry was utilized to detect the expression levels of CD44 and SOX2 in both cancerous and paracancerous tissues of 68 patients with ESCC. The correlation between CD44/SOX2 expression and clinicopathological parameters was subsequently analyzed. Factors impacting the prognosis of ESCC patients were assessed through univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Leveraging the results of these multivariate regression analyses, a nomogram prognostic model was established to provide individualized predictions of ESCC patient survival outcomes. The predictive accuracy of the nomogram prognostic model was evaluated using the consistency index (C-index) and calibration curves. Results The expression levels of CD44 were markedly elevated in the tumor tissues of ESCC patients. Similarly, SOX2 was significantly overexpressed in the tumor tissues of ESCC patients. The positive expression of SOX2 in ESCC demonstrated a strong correlation with both the pathological T-stage and the presence of carcinoembryonic antigen. CD44 and SOX2 co-positive expression was significantly associated with the pathological T-stage and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage. Furthermore, ESCC patients exhibiting CD44-positive expression in their tumor tissue generally had a more adverse prognosis. The co-expression of CD44 and SOX2 resulted in a grimmer prognosis compared to patients with other combinations. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified the co-expression of CD44 and SOX2, the pathological T-stage, and lymph node metastasis as independent prognostic indicators for ESCC patients. The three identified variables were subsequently incorporated into a nomogram for predicting OS. The C-index of the measurement model and the area under the curve of the subjects’ work characteristics showed good individual prediction. This prognostic model stratified patients into low- and high-risk categories. Analysis revealed that the 5-year OS rate was significantly higher in the low-risk group compared to the high-risk group. Conclusions Elevated CD44 levels, indicative of CSC presence, are intimately linked with the oncogenesis of ESCC and are strongly predictive of unfavorable patient outcomes. Concurrently, the SOX2 gene exhibits a heightened expression in ESCC, markedly accelerating tumor progression and fostering more extensive di...

show abstract

Evaluation of CD44+/CD24- and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Enzyme Markers in Cancer Stem Cells as Prognostic Indicators for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Cited by 4 publications

References 65 publications

Anti-IL-8 monoclonal antibodies inhibits the autophagic activity and cancer stem cells maintenance within breast cancer tumor microenvironment1

Anti-IL-8 monoclonal antibodies inhibits the autophagic activity and cancer stem cells maintenance within breast cancer tumor microenvironment1

CD44 and its implication in neoplastic diseases

Clinicopathological significance of cancer stem cell marker CD44/SOX2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients and construction of a nomogram to predict overall survival

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About