Evaluation of Cat Scratch Disease Cases Reported from Turkey between 1996 and 2013 and Review of the Literature

Ulug, Mehmet

doi:10.21101/cejph.a4040

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Rifampicin 14 mg/kg/24 hours for 14 days as oral administration was preferred among the options as it was appropriate according to her age. 5 - 7 In the follow-up, it was observed that the patient’s tremor improved, and ataxia decreased significantly 1 month after the Rifampicin treatment, which was administered orally for 14 days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The patient came into contact with the cat during the autumn-winter season when Bartonella henselae illness is more prevalent. 5 - 7 After 1 month of incubation, the patient developed submandibular lymphadenopathy, fever, and mastoiditis and was administered with amoxicillin-clavulanate. We learned that her neurological development was appropriate according to her age, and her neurological findings were noticed for the first time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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As a Failure to Follow Basic Medical Rules for a Sample, Has a Costly Diagnosis of a Zoonosis

Özer

2021

Clin Med Insights Case Rep

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Cat-scratch disease can be transmitted from cats and dogs in winter. It is usually self-limited and caused by Bartonella henselae. It may cause serious symptoms, including neurological findings, especially in immune-deficient patients. A female patient was referred to our outpatient clinic at the age of 3 years and 10 months with a preliminary diagnosis of neurodegenerative metabolic disease. Her complaints began after a stray cat scratched her. We found out that the hospital to which she was admitted provided only local wound care due to her history of contact with a cat and that she was vaccinated against rabies. Her body temperature increased, her neck lymph nodes became swollen, and she developed otitis and mastoiditis after 1 month. Additionally, we discovered that she had deteriorated in her walking ability after 6 weeks and developed hand tremors after 10 weeks. It was discovered that previous centers to which the patient applied did not question cat contact. All metabolic tests performed for the differential diagnosis of last admission findings were considered nonspecific. Considering cat-scratch disease due to her clinical history, she was referred to the pediatric infection unit for a Bartonella henselae test, and the test result was 1/256 positive. Failure to follow basic medical rules might be costly in diagnosis and treatment. Cat scratch disease is a zoonosis and a major public health problem. In differential diagnosis, these medical procedures should always be considered before rare metabolic diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

As a Failure to Follow Basic Medical Rules for a Sample, Has a Costly Diagnosis of a Zoonosis

Özer

2021

Clin Med Insights Case Rep

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“…However, considering the patient history, reliability of laboratory tests and difficulties in performing biopsies, it seems highly unlikely that all these criteria can be simultaneously satisfied in a patient. Even if contact with a cat is common, skin lesions due to scratches or bites are detected in only 60% of documented CSD cases [ 7 ]. Moreover, poor attention is generally paid to the potential role of dogs in B. henselae infection transmission as these pets have been found implicated in approximately 5% of cases [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Atypical Bartonellosis in a 4-Year-Old Immunocompetent Child

et al. 2021

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In most cases, infection due to Bartonella henselae causes a mild disease presenting with a regional lymphadenopathy frequently associated with a low-grade fever, headache, poor appetite and exhaustion that spontaneously resolves itself in a few weeks. As the infection is generally transmitted by cats through scratching or biting, the disease is named cat scratch disease (CSD). However, in 5–20% of cases, mainly in immunocompromised patients, systemic involvement can occur and CSD may result in major illness. This report describes a case of systemic CSD diagnosed in an immunocompetent 4-year-old child that can be used as an example of the problems that pediatricians must solve to reach a diagnosis of atypical CSD. Despite the child’s lack of history suggesting any contact with cats and the absence of regional lymphadenopathy, the presence of a high fever, deterioration of their general condition, increased inflammatory biomarkers, hepatosplenic lesions (i.e., multiple abscesses), pericardial effusion with mild mitral valve regurgitation and a mild dilatation of the proximal and medial portion of the right coronary artery, seroconversion for B. henselae (IgG 1:256) supported the diagnosis of atypical CSD. Administration of oral azithromycin was initiated (10 mg/kg/die for 3 days) with a progressive normalization of clinical, laboratory and US hepatosplenic and cardiac findings. This case shows that the diagnosis of atypical CSD is challenging. The nonspecific, composite and variable clinical features of this disease require a careful evaluation in order to achieve a precise diagnosis and to avoid both a delayed diagnosis and therapy with a risk of negative evolution.

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“…Zoonoses are diseases that can be transmitted from animals to people. Cat-related zoonotic conditions can be associated with bacteria, dermatophytes, fleas, fungi, mites, mycobacteria, nematodes, protozoa, ticks, and viruses (Table 1 ) [ 1 - 10 ]; whether the cat is a mostly indoor or a mostly outdoor animal probably makes a difference in the likelihood of becoming a vector in the transmission of infectious organisms. Our patient presented with a distinctive cat-induced skin condition consisting of numerous punctures and small excoriations in a clustered appearance that, to the best of our knowledge, has not been previously named.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Felis Punctatis: Cat Claw-induced Punctures

Cohen

Ramsay

2017

Cureus

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Animal-induced conditions in humans predominantly present as infectious zoonoses. However, trauma-associated injuries from the teeth or claws can also occur. Several zoonotic infections can be transmitted by cats, a common household pet, to their owners. The clinical features of a woman who developed multiple sites of trauma-induced cutaneous punctures from her cat’s paws while it was kneading on her clothes-covered abdomen are described. The repetitive insertion and withdrawal of the sharp tips of the cat’s claws created distinctive groups of erythematous punctures on the patient’s skin. We suggest that Latin nomenclature be used to designate the name for this claw-induced dermatosis that includes not only the causative animal (felis for cat) but also a descriptive term for the skin lesions (punctatis for punctures): felis punctatis.

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Evaluation of Cat Scratch Disease Cases Reported from Turkey between 1996 and 2013 and Review of the Literature

Abstract: This pooled analysis which enabled the evaluation of a large number of CSD cases, indicated that careful evaluation of clinical findings and histopathological investigation will provide valuable support for diagnosis and treatment of CSD.

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

As a Failure to Follow Basic Medical Rules for a Sample, Has a Costly Diagnosis of a Zoonosis

As a Failure to Follow Basic Medical Rules for a Sample, Has a Costly Diagnosis of a Zoonosis

A Case of Atypical Bartonellosis in a 4-Year-Old Immunocompetent Child

Felis Punctatis: Cat Claw-induced Punctures

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