Evaluation of Calcium Oxide Nanoparticles from Industrial Waste on the Performance of Hardened Cement Pastes: Physicochemical Study

Abstract

Large amounts of carbonated mud waste (CMW) require disposal during sugar manufacturing after the carbonation process. The lightweight of CMW enables its utilization as a partial replacement for the cement to reduce costs and CO2 emissions. Here, various levels of CMW, namely, 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt.% were applied to produce composite cement samples with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as a regular mix design series. Pure calcium oxide (CaO) nanoparticles were obtained after the calcination of CMW. The techniques of X-ray fluorescence spectrometers (XRF), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Selected area diffraction (SAED), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dixpersive X-ray (EDX), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used to characterize the obtained CaO nanoparticles. According to the compressive strength and bulk density results, 15 wt.% CMW was optimal for the mix design. The specific surface area increased from 27.8 to 134.8 m2/g when the CMW was calcined to 600 °C. The compressive strength of the sample containing 15% CMW was lower than the values of the other pastes containing 5% and 10% CMW at all of the curing times. The porosity factor of the hardened cement pastes released with a curing time of up to 28 days. Excessive CMW of up to 25 wt.% reduced the properties of OPC.

Application of periwinkle shell for the synthesis of calcium oxide nanoparticles and in the remediation of Pb2+-contaminated water

“…The results highlight the average surface area of the CaO-NPS as 220.11 m 2 /g while the averages for the pore volume and pore size are 8.43 cc/g, cc/g and 3.04 nm respectively. The average surface area for this product is significantly higher than reported values for similar CaO-NPS synthesised from different precursors (Abdelatif et al, 2020;Khine et al, 2022;Toama and Fadhil, 2019). A wider range of values has been reported for the surface area of CaO-NPs such as 6.05 m 2 /g (Khine et al, 2022), 747.62 m 2 /g (Mostafa et al, 2023), 134.80 m 2 /g (Abdelatif et al, 2020) and 77.4 m 2 /g (Jalu et al, 2021).…”

“…The average surface area for this product is significantly higher than reported values for similar CaO-NPS synthesised from different precursors (Abdelatif et al, 2020;Khine et al, 2022;Toama and Fadhil, 2019). A wider range of values has been reported for the surface area of CaO-NPs such as 6.05 m 2 /g (Khine et al, 2022), 747.62 m 2 /g (Mostafa et al, 2023), 134.80 m 2 /g (Abdelatif et al, 2020) and 77.4 m 2 /g (Jalu et al, 2021). This shows that the surface area of the CaO-NPS is above average and fall within the range of values reported elsewhere.…”

Remediation of Cd(II)-Contaminated Acid Soil Using an Activated Carbon Nanocomposite from Solid Organic Waste

“…Compared to the other bars in Figure A, we can conclude that the optimal ratio is W HS : W ATP : W CSH = 2:1:3. That is probably because CSH is an ultracrystalline powder with a layered structure and a large specific surface area, and it is likely to immobilize K + by surface forces. Because of the existence of the Si–OH group in the C–S–H gel, K + combined with OH – to form KOH, which could enter the interlayer of the C–S–H to neutralize the acidic Si(OH) 4 .…”

Gas, Water and Solid Waste Treatment Technology

“…Abdelatif et al [16] reported that large amounts of carbonated mud waste (CMW) require disposal during sugar manufacturing after the carbonation process. The lightweight of CMW enables its utilisation as a partial replacement for the cement to reduce costs and CO 2 emissions.…”