Evaluation of bone deformities of the femur, tibia, and patella in Toy Poodles with medial patellar luxation using computed tomography

Yasukawa, Shinji; Edamura, Kazuya; Tanegashima, Koji; Seki, Mitsuko; Teshima, Kenji; Asano, Kazushi; Nakayama, Tomohiro; Hayashi, Kei

doi:10.3415/vcot-15-05-0089

Cited by 67 publications

(220 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The literature has produced discordant studies regarding the changes of the anteversion angle of the femoral neck which can influence patellar instability; therefore, additional studies should be carried out to determinate the effect of femoral neck anteversion on the QA [22–24]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiographic measurement of the quadriceps angle in dogs

Pinna

Romagnoli

2017

PLoS ONE

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The direction of the force of the quadriceps muscle group is expressed by the value of the quadriceps angle, between the long axis of the muscle rectus femoris and the patellar ligament. This value is often modified in dogs with patellar luxation, a common orthopaedic disease of the stifle joint in both small and large dogs. The aims of the present study were to give a reference value for the quadriceps angle in healthy small and medium-large breed dogs. The medical records of healthy dogs and their pelvic limb radiographs (2014–2016) were reviewed. The radiographs were then divided into two groups: Group A (small dogs <15 kg body weight) and Group B (medium-large dogs >15 kg). The quadriceps angle of each pelvic limb was assessed using a digital software program in order to compare values between the two groups. The radiographs of 160 dogs, 80 per group were studied along with the assessment of the 320 pelvic limbs. The median quadriceps angle values obtained were in contrast with the literature: in Group A, it was 18.3° and, in Group B, it was 8.7°; moreover, the quadriceps angle value for Group A was statistically higher than for Group B (p<0.0001). No significant difference was present between males and females, or between right and left hindlimbs. In Group B, the Labrador Retriever breed influenced the quadriceps angle (p = 0.0005). The outcome of this survey provides an objective parameter, or additional information, to explain the different quadriceps mechanisms of small and medium-large dogs. In future studies the QA range values assessed in the two size groups may be useful in defining the magnitude of the malalignment of the extensor mechanism in both healthy dogs and ones with patellar luxation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiographic measurement of the quadriceps angle in dogs

Pinna

Romagnoli

2017

PLoS ONE

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“…Although 3D models are a well‐established diagnostic tool for people, they are new to veterinary medicine. Recent efforts to develop consistent imaging techniques led to a 3D approach for veterinary orthopedic investigation . The 3D models allow volume measurement, evaluation of joint congruency, and rotation of deformed bones at a desired orientation, creating cross‐sectional views from any position .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 3D models allow volume measurement, evaluation of joint congruency, and rotation of deformed bones at a desired orientation, creating cross‐sectional views from any position . Only a single recent study has evaluated bone deformities through CT scan‐reconstructed 3D images but provided femoral measurements calculated in CT frontal or lateral view, thus in biplanar projections . In contrast, we present femoral angles calculated through 3D geometrical model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 3D femoral surface models can be constructed with data acquired from biplanar radiographs, CT, MR, and surface meshing software . Computation on 3D geometric models has been recently introduced as a source of reliable data for investigating canine hip joint osteoarthritic degeneration, designing bone templates, analyzing the femoral surface, and also for in vivo kinematics research …”

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confidence: 99%

“…The assessment of 3D canine femoral axes and angles is currently not reported in veterinary medicine. Canine femoral measurements related to frontal, sagittal, and transverse deformities have only been computed in biplanar projections, acquired from either 2D or 3D imaging models . The present study was designed to define a 3D methodology, introducing a consistent and quantitative method for the assessment of femoral morphometric parameters in 3D geometrical models.…”

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confidence: 99%

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