Evaluation of Bone Biomechanical Properties in Different Regions of the Equine Third Metacarpus

Moreira, Rodrigo Crispim; Pereira, César Augusto Martins; Frazão, Paulo; Selim, Mariana Baroni; Silva, Luís Cláudio Lopes Correia da; Zoppa, André Luis do Valle de

doi:10.1142/s0218957712500170

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…23 Moreira et al stated that the lateral and medial cortices of the McIII have almost the same biomechanical properties and elastic modulus and that a correlation exists between bone density and biomechanical properties. 48 They also noted that bone widths in the dorsal, palmar, lateral, and medial aspects of the diaphysis are varied. However, data were floored, as training histories were unknown, making it impossible to assess how far differing bone geometry was due to adaptive change.…”

Section: Loading and Strainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…77 Furthermore, the longer the McIII bone, the higher the load is at flexion of the dorsal cortex. 48 Racecourse surfaces: Limb bones remodel when GRF is both high and vertical 41 and vibration at a level of 30-40 Hertz is sufficient to trigger fatigue injury in bone. 78 The materials used on racing and training surfaces affect the acceleration rates of hoof impact and GRF, both of which increase with speed.…”

Section: Aetiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Dorsal Metacarpal Disease (Bucked Shins) in the Flat Racing Horse: Prevalence, Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, and Associated Factors

Nielsen¹

2017

JDVAR

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Dorsal metacarpal disease (DMD) is the most common cause of lostdays to training and racing in Thoroughbred racehorses. Colloquially termed 'bucked' or 'sore' shins, this initially painful condition commonly occurs in the first season of training and can raise welfare concerns. Clinical signs include pain with digital palpation and swelling on the dorsal, and sometimes dorso-medial, aspect of the third metacarpal (McIII). Periostitis and excessive growth of periosteal bone can be present as a response to high strain cyclic fatigue. Whilst DMD can resolve with rest or reduced exercise, it can leave bone susceptible to future catastrophic fracture at the same site, particularly saucer fractures of the lamellar bone of the diaphysis. Some trainers continue to work an animal through DMD, with the view that it will only happen once, but it can reoccur. Additionally, the animal is in discomfort and has a weakened skeletal system. In vivo studies of the effects of cyclic strain on the skeletal system of Thoroughbreds are notoriously difficult, due to the many variables involved and in vitro studies cannot mimic true training and racing conditions. Variables affecting the loading of the McIII such as exercise regimes, location, speed, direction, conformation, surfaces, farriery, and diet have all been investigated to ascertain their influence, if any, on disease predisposition and onset. In the 1990's, it was believed that certain training methods and the young age at which Thoroughbreds commenced training were the main cause of DMD. Since then, the cause of DMD has been linked to excessive bone loading stress, with bone cell absorption exceeding replacement. Other studies have reported that lengthy periods of stabling and lack of access to short bursts of high speed exercise, results in reduced bone mineral content and strength in the equine McIII, thus predisposing it to fatigue.

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Section: Loading and Strainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aetiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Dorsal Metacarpal Disease (Bucked Shins) in the Flat Racing Horse: Prevalence, Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, and Associated Factors

Nielsen¹

2017

JDVAR

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Avaliação da resistência mecânica à compressão axial de diferentes formulações de poliuretana de mamona com carbonato de cálcio e de quitosana com fosfato de cálcio

Graaf¹

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Evaluation of Bone Biomechanical Properties in Different Regions of the Equine Third Metacarpus

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

A Review of Dorsal Metacarpal Disease (Bucked Shins) in the Flat Racing Horse: Prevalence, Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, and Associated Factors

A Review of Dorsal Metacarpal Disease (Bucked Shins) in the Flat Racing Horse: Prevalence, Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, and Associated Factors

Avaliação da resistência mecânica à compressão axial de diferentes formulações de poliuretana de mamona com carbonato de cálcio e de quitosana com fosfato de cálcio

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