Evaluation of blood monocyte and lymphocyte population in broiler chicken after vaccination and experimental challenge with Newcastle disease virus

Taebipour, Mohammad Jafar; Dadras, H.; Nazifi, Saeed; Afsar, Mina; Ansari-Lari, Maryam

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2017.07.002

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In recent years, the number of antibodies against chicken cell surface markers has steadily increased, enabling more comprehensive analysis of cellular immune responses following viral infection or vaccination ( Table 1 ). Different avian leukocyte subsets, including monocytes/macrophages, Natural killer (NK) cells, B cells, CD4, CD8, and γδ T cells, have been identified by flow cytometry in the context of infection or immunization ( Göbel et al, 2001 ; Dalgaard et al, 2010 ; De Boever et al, 2010 ; Jansen et al, 2013 ; Taebipour et al, 2017 ; Larsen et al, 2019 ). For example, Dalgaard et al (2010) employed a five-color flow cytometry to assess the frequency of chicken T cell subsets as well as their expression of CD44 and CD45 after Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection.…”

Section: Flow Cytometric Analysis Of Different Cellular Subsetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evaluation of Cellular Immunity to Avian Viral Diseases: Methods, Applications, and Challenges

et al. 2021

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Cellular immune responses play critical roles in the control of viral infection. However, the immune protection against avian viral diseases (AVDs), a major challenge to poultry industry, is yet mainly evaluated by measuring humoral immune response though antibody-independent immune protection was increasingly evident in the development of vaccines against some of these diseases. The evaluation of cellular immune response to avian viral infection has long been neglected due to limited reagents and methods. Recently, with the availability of more immunological reagents and validated approaches, the evaluation of cellular immunity has become feasible and necessary for AVD. Herein, we reviewed the methods used for evaluating T cell immunity in chickens following infection or vaccination, which are involved in the definition of different cellular subset, the analysis of T cell activation, proliferation and cytokine secretion, and in vitro culture of antigen-presenting cells (APC) and T cells. The pros and cons of each method were discussed, and potential future directions to enhance the studies of avian cellular immunity were suggested. The methodological improvement and standardization in analyzing cellular immune response in birds after viral infection or vaccination would facilitate the dissection of mechanism of immune protection and the development of novel vaccines and therapeutics against AVD.

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Section: Flow Cytometric Analysis Of Different Cellular Subsetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evaluation of Cellular Immunity to Avian Viral Diseases: Methods, Applications, and Challenges

et al. 2021

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“…In the case of ILTV infections, it is well documented that cell-mediated immunity is the primary immune response [8,53,54]. While there are no prior studies that evaluate the dynamics of T cells in PBMCs after ILTV infection or rHVT-LT vaccination in chickens, there are studies that have investigated T-cell response in the context of other respiratory viruses, such as Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and avian influenza virus (AIV) [43,[55][56][57]. Our experimental findings suggested that the rHVT-LT vaccine promotes the presence of CD8+ T in early infection (5 dpi).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Recombinant Herpesvirus of Turkey Laryngotracheitis (rHVT-LT) Vaccine against Genotype VI Canadian Wild-Type Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus (ILTV) Infection

et al. 2021

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In Alberta, infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) infection is endemic in backyard poultry flocks; however, outbreaks are only sporadically observed in commercial flocks. In addition to ILTV vaccine revertant strains, wild-type strains are among the most common causes of infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT). Given the surge in live attenuated vaccine-related outbreaks, the goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of a recombinant herpesvirus of turkey (rHVT-LT) vaccine against a genotype VI Canadian wild-type ILTV infection. One-day-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) White Leghorn chickens were vaccinated with the rHVT-LT vaccine or mock vaccinated. At three weeks of age, half of the vaccinated and the mock-vaccinated animals were challenged. Throughout the experiment, weights were recorded, and feather tips, cloacal and oropharyngeal swabs were collected for ILTV genome quantification. Blood was collected to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and quantify CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. At 14 dpi, the chickens were euthanized, and respiratory tissues were collected to quantify genome loads and histological examination. Results showed that the vaccine failed to decrease the clinical signs at 6 days post-infection. However, it was able to significantly reduce ILTV shedding through the oropharyngeal route. Overall, rHVT-LT produced a partial protection against genotype VI ILTV infection.

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“…Between the two different lineages, monocyte/macrophage + cells play a dual role in pathogen clearance during the innate response and antigen presentation to initiate an adaptive response, while CD1.1 + cells are classically associated with lipid-antigen presentation (27,28). Low populations of monocyte/macrophages in PBMC were expected as macrophages are found primarily in peripheral tissues and their monocyte precursors are found at low percentages in avian blood (29,30). Reductions in monocyte/macrophage + cells at 3 dpi in orally and subcutaneously-inoculated birds without splenic involvement suggested recruitment to inoculation sites for pathogen clearance in the innate immune response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and Staphylococcus aureus Inoculation Route Differentially Alter Metabolic Potential and Immune Cell Populations in Laying Hens

et al. 2021

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In 2018 and 2019, Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from multiple post-molt commercial laying hens with unusually high mortality. A challenge study was conducted to elucidate the role of S. aureus in this disease outbreak and the work herein represents the assessment of immunological responses in laying hens experimentally infected with S. aureus isolates from these cases. A total of 200 laying hens at 22 or 96 weeks of age (100/ age group) were assigned to 1 of 4 experimental inoculation groups (negative control, oral gavage, subcutaneous injection, or intravenous injection) after a 72 h acclimation period. Blood samples were taken prior to inoculation (baseline), 6 h post-inoculation (pi), 24 hpi, 3 dpi, and 7 dpi. Additional spleen samples to further assess systemic immunity were taken at baseline, 3 and 8 dpi. Metabolic phenotypes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated and assessed by Seahorse metabolic assay. Immune cell profiles in the spleen and PBMC were assessed by multicolor flow cytometry. At baseline, 96-week-old laying hens had 26.7% fewer PBMC-derived T cells compared to 22-week-old birds. Older hens had 28.9% increased helper T cell (TH) populations and 60.5% reduced γδ T cells (P = 0.03 and < 0.0001) which may contribute to variable clinical responses between age groups; however, no age-related differences in metabolic potential were observed. Metabolic outcomes showed that birds remained stressed from transport and re-housing past a 72 h acclimation period and through 24 h- 3 days post-inoculation. Inoculation with S. aureus generally reduced oxidative and glycolytic potentials compared to the control, with the greatest reductions observed in birds inoculated by intravenous injection (P < 0.05). Overall CD3+ T cell populations showed significant reductions in the intravenous group compared to other inoculation routes from 24 hpi to 7 dpi (23.6–39.0%; P ≤ 0.0001). These results suggest that age-related baseline differences in T cell populations and changes to T cell subpopulations and other immune cells due to inoculation route may have an additive effect on S. aureus- induced reductions in metabolic potential; however, further research linking metabolic potential and immune cell profiles is needed.

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Evaluation of blood monocyte and lymphocyte population in broiler chicken after vaccination and experimental challenge with Newcastle disease virus

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

The Evaluation of Cellular Immunity to Avian Viral Diseases: Methods, Applications, and Challenges

The Evaluation of Cellular Immunity to Avian Viral Diseases: Methods, Applications, and Challenges

Evaluation of Recombinant Herpesvirus of Turkey Laryngotracheitis (rHVT-LT) Vaccine against Genotype VI Canadian Wild-Type Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus (ILTV) Infection

Age and Staphylococcus aureus Inoculation Route Differentially Alter Metabolic Potential and Immune Cell Populations in Laying Hens

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