Evaluation of blood donor deferral causes in the Trinidad and Tobago National Blood Transfusion Service

Charles, K. S.; Hughes, Philippa; Gadd, R.; Bodkyn, Curt; Rodríguez, Mikhail Benet

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3148.2009.00968.x

Cited by 45 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In Nigeria, Olaiya et al (2004) found that only 7% of donations were voluntary, and that replacement donation-often for the donor's wife-was the norm. In Trinidad and Tobago, Charles et al (2010) observed that a great majority of blood donors are replacement donors (93, 7%) which also coincide with Parmasad (2012) and Sampath et al's (2007) results regarding the high percentage of family donation in the same country. These last authors point out that low participation in blood drives can also be attributed to the population's lack of information, an argument put forth by Polonsky et al (2011b) for African migrants in Australia.…”

Section: Blood Donation Among Ethnic Minoritiessupporting

confidence: 57%

The Paradoxical Situation of Blood Donation in the Haitian-Quebec Community

Charbonneau¹,

Tran²

2015

ces

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Blood donation involves precise regulations aiming to protect donors and recipients. At the beginning of the 1980's, thousands of Canadians were infected with HIV and Hepatitis C. To prevent the contamination of blood products, health authorities asked Haitians, among other groups, to voluntarily refrain from giving blood. Witness testimonies at the Royal Commission of Inquiry on the Blood System in Canada (Krever Commission) show how profoundly affected Haitians were by these events. Today, we know that it is preferable to use phenotyped blood from the same community as the donor in the case of certain diseases. Increasing blood donation from the Black community is believed to be the best way to find donors who will be compatible with patients suffering from sickle-cell disease. Blood supply agencies such as Héma-Québec are seeking to convince Haitians to give blood in greater numbers. However, this task represents a great challenge, since, less than one generation ago, authorities asked that Haitians voluntarily abstain from donating blood. This paradoxical situation inspired the present analysis. Through the conceptual lens of a constructivist approach to ethnicity, this case study draws on a number of sources. By retracing the history of this community and the major events that have affected it over the decades, we are brought to a better understanding of the perceptions and realities of the Haitian community in Montreal with regard to blood donation. Our analyses show that even if Haitian-Quebec leaders are positively disposed towards blood donation, our results also expose that past events of the 1980's have not been forgotten. Even if many are now willing to give blood to meet specific medical needs, for some, this could also contradict the usual universalist and altruistic message of blood donation. This case study highlights the importance of examining what happens at the relational boundary between minority and majority groups: after all, these events also contribute to redefining them. RésuméLe don de sang au Québec est encadré par des règles définies pour protéger les donneurs et ceux qui doivent subir une transfusion sanguine. Au début des années 1980, des milliers de Canadiens seront infectés par le VIH et l'Hépatite C. Pour prévenir la contamination des produits sanguins, les autorités sanitaires ont invité certains groupes, dont les Haïtiens, à s'abstenir volontairement de donner du sang. Les témoignages à la Commission d'enquête sur l'approvisionnement en sang au Canada (Commission Krever) ont montré à quel point les Haïtiens-Québécois en ont été affectés. Aujourd'hui, on sait qu'il est préférable d'utiliser le sang phénotypé qui provient de la même communauté que le donneur dans le cas de certaines maladies. Par exemple, l'augmentation de dons de sang de la communauté noire serait la meilleure façon de trouver des donneurs compatibles avec les patients atteints d'anémie falciforme. Convaincre les Haïtiens de donner du sang en plus grand nombre semble pourtant un véritable défi du fait q...

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Section: Blood Donation Among Ethnic Minoritiessupporting

confidence: 57%

The Paradoxical Situation of Blood Donation in the Haitian-Quebec Community

Charbonneau¹,

Tran²

2015

ces

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“…Several studies have reported a similar deferral rate (5.20%) by Unnikrishnan et al [3], (6%) by Sundar et al [4], and (5.6%) by Rabeya et al [5]. Some studies have even had a higher deferral rate of (16.4%) Chaudhary et al [6], (35.6%) Charles et al [7]. Even though deferral rate were found to be similar, the major reasons for deferral varies reflecting disparity in socioeconomic status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Evaluation of blood donor deferral causes in a tertiary hospital, South India

John¹,

Varkey²

2015

Int J of Biomed & Adv Res

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Aims: Transfusion of blood saves millions of life all over the world every year. Paucity of donors has always been a problem faced worldwide. Potential blood donors are deferred for several reasons. The rate and reasons of deferral differs from region to region and center to center. To ensure safe blood and blood products are provided by the blood bank, donors and recipients undergo stringent donor screening. All the donors are screened to ensure the blood drawn is safe for transfusion. Thus keeps the recipients protected from transmissible diseases and other problems. This study aims to analyze the donor deferral rates, various causes of deferrals and to take proper referral and follow up measures to decrease the temporary deferral rate by which we could increase the pool of voluntary donors without compromising on the quality of the blood and safety to the recipient. Methods: A two year retrospective study of donors, carried out in a tertiary hospital in south India, and also includes voluntary donors from outdoor camps conducted by blood bank during the period January 2012 to December 2013. Results: A total of 16,805 people came to donate during the period of study. Male constituted around (95.08%) of the donors who came to donate blood. A major proportion (89.70%) were replacement donors. 858 (5.12%) of the entire donor population were deferred due various reason. The major causes of deferral in this study were hypertension 12.70%, followed by anemia 9.09%, tissue transmissible diseases. Those who were deferred were categorized into temporary constituting (58.04%) and permanent (41.96%). The Leading cause of permanent deferral was hypertension 30.3%, where as the leading cause among temporary deferral was anemia 15.66%. One of the major cause of deferral among males were hypertension whereas anemia was the major cause of deferral among females. Conclusion: Donor deferral rate of 5.12% was found in this study, similar rates have been reported by other studies. The major proportions were replacement donors. Females coming forward for blood donation were found to be significantly low. The major causes of deferral in our study were hypertension and anemia.

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“…[8][9][10][11][12] However, studies by Rabeya et al & Kwa et al have cited low incidence (5.6-7.1%) to very high incidence by studies done by Charles et al, Di Lorenzo Oliveira et al and Madan et al (20-35. 6%). [13][14][15][16][17] The deferral incidence in their donor populations, which probably reflects the regional diversityand marked variation in whole blood donor eligibility criteria internationally. [18][19] The share of female donor was very small in the present study (6.39%) which was might be due to fear, lack of awareness and motivation among females.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Study of Deferred Blood Donors at Tertiary Level Hospital Based Blood Bank of South Gujarat

Patel¹,

Patel²,

Patel³

et al. 2015

jemds

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BACKGROUND: Pre-donation donor screening is must for the safety of the blood donor and recipient. Deferrals lead to loss of precious whole blood donors and blood units available for transfusion purposes. AIM: To record and document the current rate and reasons for donor deferral in our tertiary care hospital based blood bank to modify recruitment strategy for blood donors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Study was conducted by retrospective data analysis of whole blood donors (Voluntary/Replacement), arrived for donating blood at blood bank and in outdoor camps, during the period 1 st July 2010 to 30 th June 2014. The donor selection was done by pre-donation screening tests like questionnaire followed by physical examination and haemoglobin estimation. National guidelines were used for selection and deferral of donors. The deferred donor's data was analyzed statistically. RESULT: Out of 34380 blood donors who came to donate blood, 31049(89.63%, out of which 97.51% voluntary donors) were eligible for donation and 3331(10.37%) blood donors were deferred. The deferral rate among male population 7.47% and female population 42.09% were observed. Odds ratio for deferral in female donors was 8.99, implying thereby that chance of deferral in females is nearly 9 times higher as compared to males. The five leading causes for male donor deferral were low haemoglobin, hypertension, medication, and malaria& alcohol intake in last 48 hours & for the female donor deferral were low haemoglobin, menstruation, medication, low weight & hypotension. CONCLUSIONS: Studying the frequency and the different causes of donor deferral will help to identify sections of the population which could be targeted for increasing and retaining of the existing pool of voluntary blood donors and also to guide and provide the necessary essential database for the policy design and programme implementation at local, regional, and national level.

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Evaluation of blood donor deferral causes in the Trinidad and Tobago National Blood Transfusion Service

Cited by 45 publications

References 12 publications

The Paradoxical Situation of Blood Donation in the Haitian-Quebec Community

The Paradoxical Situation of Blood Donation in the Haitian-Quebec Community

Evaluation of blood donor deferral causes in a tertiary hospital, South India

The Study of Deferred Blood Donors at Tertiary Level Hospital Based Blood Bank of South Gujarat

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