Evaluation of Blood and Bone Marrow, Rat

Valli, V. E.; Villeneuve, D. C.; Reed, Barbara R.; Barsoum, N. J.; Smith, G.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-84110-1_2

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It has been reported that telangiectasis in the bone marrow is caused by a blood vessel disorder 28 or a decrease in the blood cell count 29 . Myeloid hypoplasia induced by a prazosin analogue in rats has previously been reported to result in a normal proportion of fat cells with a reduced density of hematopoietic cells and a greatly expanded sinusoidal volume filled with red blood cells 30 . In this study, we speculated that the telangiectasis represented the filling of a deficit with red blood cells and that age-related differences in its appearance might have been related to a reduction in marrow myeloid cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Starting Age for Myelotoxicity Study in Dietary Restricted Rats

et al. 2009

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The aim of this study was to prove our hypothesis that adult rats with lowering of body weight gain, rats at 12 weeks of age as an example, are suitable for evaluation of myelotoxicity. Age-related differences between young rats (6-week-old study) and adult rats (12-week-old study) were analyzed in hematological examination values. The data of the young rats were reprinted from our previous report (Miyata et al., 2009) since our hypothesis was verified by comparison with that previous report. Several experimental groups were defined for the 12-week-old study as well as for the 6-week-old study; these included 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treated groups receiving 12, 15 and 18 mg/kg/day (FU12, FU15 and FU18), pair-feeding groups (R12, R15 and R18 receiving the same amount of food as in the FU12, FU15 and FU18 groups, respectively) and a nontreated control group. Numerous hematologic and bone marrow parameters in the 5-FU treated groups were comparable to those in the corresponding pair-feeding groups in both age studies. Generally, the influences of undernutrition were more apparent in the young rats than in the adult rats. Histopathological examinations showed a decrease in hematopoiesis in the bone marrow in the 5-FU treated and pair-feeding groups. No apparent differences were observed in the decreased hematopoiesis between the 5-FU treated and pair-feeding groups in the 6-week-old study, but a difference between these groups was noted in the 12-week-old study; decreased hematopoiesis was more frequently noted in the 5-FU treated groups. These facts suggest that adult rats are more suitable than young rats for evaluation of 5-FU-induced myelotoxicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Starting Age for Myelotoxicity Study in Dietary Restricted Rats

et al. 2009

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“…Bone marrow is almost always collected from rats at necropsy, following general anesthesia and euthanasia. For cytology samples, the femur (femoral medulla) is the most commonly described site of marrow collection 4–7 . Marrow aspiration from an isolated bone is easier when there is active marrow, free of spicules, as is found in the femoral cavity 5 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For cytology samples, the femur (femoral medulla) is the most commonly described site of marrow collection 4–7 . Marrow aspiration from an isolated bone is easier when there is active marrow, free of spicules, as is found in the femoral cavity 5 . The sternum also may be used but yields a lower number of cells and should be reserved for histologic examination.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Removal of the femur should be the first step in the necropsy procedure to ensure bone marrow quality. As a rule of thumb, bone marrow smears should be prepared within 2–3 minutes of the animal's death; there is only one chance to get an adequate sample 5 . No matter what technique is used to collect bone marrow, one should keep in mind that hematopoietic elements are fragile and cell death occurs quickly.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytologic evaluation of bone marrow in rats: indications, methods, and normal morphology

Bolliger

2004

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Bone marrow examination is an important part of the evaluation of the hematopoietic system. In pharmaceutical and toxicological research, bone marrow evaluation can help determine the potential hematotoxicity or effects of new compounds on hematopoietic cells. The rat is a common research animal, and bone marrow evaluation often is performed in this species. The goal of this review is to provide clinical pathologists and researchers with an updated overview of bone marrow evaluation in rats as well as practical guidelines for methods and microscopic evaluation. Indications for bone marrow collection in a research setting, methods of collection and smear preparation, and unique morphologic features of rat bone marrow cells are discussed. A summary of published cell differential percentages for bone marrow from healthy rats and possible explanations for discrepancies in these values also are provided.

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“…Rats were put to death and then the bone marrow cavity was exposed after incision of the ferum. The whole procedure did not last more than 3 minutes so as to avoid cell damage [37]. Up to 500 cells were studied for each smear by two individual investigators and results were compared.…”

Section: Bone Marrow Smearsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intravenous Administration of Glutamate Ionotropic Antagonists in Healthy Rats, Induces Lymphopenia and Affects Their Hematological Profile

Xochelli¹

2012

J Hematol

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Background: Glutamate is one of the primary endogenous amino acids of the Central Nervous System (CNS). Research over the last years has proven the existence of glutamate subunit receptors in additional non-neuronal tissues outside CNS such as the hematopoietic system.The purpose of this paper is to define the possible in vivo effect of glutamate ionotropic antagonists MK-801and NBQX in the hematopoietic system as well as their possible use in the cure of hematopoietic diseases and on their use on patients with co-existing neurological and hematopoietic disorders. Methods: Glutamate ionotropic antagonists MK-801 and NBQX were administrated intravenously in male wistar rats of 250-350 g weight. Animals treated with glutamate antagonists (n = 24) were compared to a control group (n = 10). The following parameters were evaluated 12 h and 24 h after drug administraton: Full blood count with differential, aggregation intensity, plus CD3, CD54 and CD49a expression on T-lymphocytes with flow cytometry. Bone marrow was assessed with bone marrow smears. The results were analyzed by unpaired t-test. Results: Both ionotropic antagonists reduced white blood cells with early lymphopenia (P < 0.05), whereas NBQX also increased Ht and Hb values (P < 0.05), but reduced platelet aggregation (P < 0.05). T-cell surface activation markers, CD3, CD49a were reduced (P < 0.05), whereas CD54 was increased (P < 0.05) 12 h after both antagonists' administration but 24 h after NBQX all markers were increased (P < 0.05). Bone marrow cells were influenced in a way that peripheral blood changes and segmented cells showed a possible expression of glutamate receptors. Conclusions: It is concluded that glutamate ionotropic antagonists affect the hematological profile and bone marrow of healthy intact rats as well as blood elements functions. Further research is needed in order to define the in vivo effect of glutamate and glutamate receptor antagonists on hematopoietic system either as a toxic agent or as a therapeutical one.

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Evaluation of Blood and Bone Marrow, Rat

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

Importance of Starting Age for Myelotoxicity Study in Dietary Restricted Rats

Importance of Starting Age for Myelotoxicity Study in Dietary Restricted Rats

Cytologic evaluation of bone marrow in rats: indications, methods, and normal morphology

Intravenous Administration of Glutamate Ionotropic Antagonists in Healthy Rats, Induces Lymphopenia and Affects Their Hematological Profile

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