Evaluation of block interleaving techniques for robust image communication in wireless camera sensor networks

Abstract

We study block interleaving techniques for enhancing robustness against packet loss on wireless vision sensor networks. We evaluate three techniques: DSJ-AL interleaving, Turner and Peterson (TP) technique, and Torus Automorphisms (TA). Results in terms of image quality, obtained trough extensive simulations over monochromatic images, show the improvements provided by interleaving techniques in comparison with a sequential communication, with a slight favor to TA.

A Genetic Algorithm for the Generation of Packetization Masks for Robust Image Communication

“…For evaluation purposes, the following parameters were selected for each considered method:For the proposed Genetic Algorithm (GA):Number of executions (number of times the algorithm was executed with the same parameters, but different random seeds): 20$NG=500$$T_p=150$$P_c=0.8$$P_m=0.03$$PS=0.2$For Rombaut Simulated Annealing (RA):Number of executions: 20Equilibrium criteria for SA: 500 iterationsEquilibrium criteria for the Metropolis algorithm: 150 iterations$T_0=1,500,000$SA acceptance probability $\alpha =0.9$ (according to [35,36])For Torus Automorphisms (TA):Best parameters k and n (Equation (1)) obtained by exhaustive search for each different scenario (according with methodology in [11]). Identified parameters are presented in Table 2.…”

“…Indeed, the calculation of TA (and other deterministic methods) is performed in a few milliseconds [11]. Actually, TA complexity is low enough to be implemented in very resource-constrained hardware [8].…”

“…Interleaving methods can be used to enhance error robustness by simply spreading neighboring blocks of data in different and distant data packets, so that, if packets are lost, it may be still possible to find the neighboring blocks of those that were lost in other (well received) packets, so the missing information can be better estimated by using a passive error concealment method (e.g., works in [ 6 , 7 ]). This kind of technique has been proposed for being part of energy-aware wireless sensor systems, in real-time video transmission and radio broadcasting, among others [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

“…In the absence of a fitness function able to assess an interleaving scheme, simulations are required. In [ 11 ], we performed an experimental comparison of various block interleaving techniques found in the literature, showing results of exhaustive simulations with every possible parameter for each evaluated method, for a large amount of loss patterns over a single input image. Results in terms of Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) show a slight advantage of TA in front of other interleaving schemes, for the considered scenarios.…”

Protocol for Energy-Efficiency in Networked Control Systems Based on WSN

“…Additionally, in order to support the reconstruction process, robust codes at the sender side may be included. That is the case of the interleaving techniques studied in [ 33 ]. ARQ-based full-reliable protocols.…”