Evaluation of biometry and corneal astigmatism in cataract surgery patients from Central China

Abstract

BackgroundTo evaluate the distribution of biometric parameters and corneal astigmatism using the IOLMaster device before phacoemulsification in cataract patients in Central China.MethodsConsecutive cataract patients were recruited at the Central Hospital of Wuhan between January 2015 and June 2016. Ocular axial length (AL), keratometry values, anterior chamber depth (ACD) and horizontal corneal diameter (white to white [WTW]) of each cataract-affected eye were measured with the IOLMaster device.ResultsThe study evaluated 3209 eyes of 2821 cataract patients. The mean AL, ACD, and WTW were 24.38 ± 2.47 mm, 3.15 ± 0.48 mm, and 11.63 ± 0.43 mm, respectively. Corneal astigmatism of 0.51–1.00 diopters (D) was the most common range of values (34.96%). A total of 10.56% patients exhibited a corneal astigmatism greater than 2.0 D. The flat and steep keratometry values gradually increased with age. The mean ACD and WTW showed increasing trends as the AL increased (P < 0.001). When the AL was shorter than 26.0 mm, the keratometry decreased as AL increased. The against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism proportion increased with age and the with-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism proportion decreased with age.ConclusionsThe profile of ocular biometric data and corneal astigmatism may help ophthalmologists improve their surgical procedures and make an appropriate IOL choice to gain a high quality of postoperative vision.

Comparison of ocular biometry profiles in urban and rural cataract candidates in eastern China

“…But the mean AL in urban areas was about 0.8 mm longer than that in rural areas (24.35 ± 2.34 mm versus 23.58 ± 1.70 mm, respectively). Mean AL in Shanghai was similar to Yu's study (24.38 ± 2.47 mm) from central China [14] and Huang's study (24.32 ± 2.42 mm) from western China [15], but was clearly longer than other AL studies using PCI [8][9][10], which investigated other ethnicities, such as European (23.43 ± 1.51 mm) [10], Latin American (23.8mm) [7], Malay (23.55mm) [8] and Mongolian (23.13 ± 1.15 mm) [4].…”

“…Previous studies found that elderly Asian women were more likely to develop acute angle-closure glaucoma due to factors of sex and race, which is similar to the results of Chinese population studies from Cui (3.01 ± 0.57mm) [6] and Chen (3.03 mm) [13]. However, other investigators, like Huang (3.08 ± 0.47 mm) [15] and Yu (3.15 ± 0.48mm) [14], found a deeper ACD than we did. Long axial length myopia is often consistent with a deeper ACD, while short axial length hyperopia is consistent with a shallower ACD.…”

“…In our study, we found that 44.18% of the overall population had 1.0 D or more corneal astigmatism, which is higher than other Chinese population results. Chen [19] reported that 41.3% of the eyes studied had presented a corneal astigmatism equal to or higher than 1.0 D while Cui and Yu reported 43.9% and 43.5%, respectively [6,14]. Two other Chinese studies showed a higher percentage of eyes with over 1.0 D astigmatism than our study (Yuan 47.27%, Guan 45.46%) [20,21].…”

“…Yu [14] and Huang [15] had investigated the inhabitants in Wuhan and Chengdu urban areas, respectively, which are similar in latitude to Shanghai. All of these cities belong to the reaches of the Yangtze River.…”

Clinical differences between toric intraocular lens (IOL) and monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation when myopia is determined as target refraction

“…Corneal astigmatism reduces uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) after surgery, which is one of the main reasons for increased dependence on corrective lenses [1]. Studies conducted in China, Southwest Asia and Europe have reported that 22.1-26.2% of the population have corneal astigmatism > 1.5 diopters (D) [2][3][4]. Accordingly, various methods, such as arcuate incision using limbal relaxing incision (LRI) and femtosecond laser, toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, and photorefractive keratectomy, have been studied for correction of corneal astigmatism in cataract surgery [5].…”