Evaluation of biomarkers in the studies of keloid tissue after laser therapy

Abstract

In this paper, we discuss what biomarkers to choose if there is a need to describe the results of laser therapy targeting keloid skin. We elevate the known cytomarkers (Krt14, Lgals7, Krt5, Dcn, Lum, Igfbp5, Cd31, Vwf, Stambpl1, Uqcrb, Cd3 and Acta2), biomarkers of the inflammatory response (Cd45/Ptprc, Adgre1, Ly6g, Il1b, Il4, Il13, Il22, Cxcl2 и Ccl17), as well as the proteins of extracellular matrix (type I and III collagens; precursors of COL5A1 and COLA1A; FTL, COL3A1, PGLS, CNN2, ANXA2, TPSAB1, COL12A1, precursors of APCS and ALB), and their encoding genes (FGF7, BAX, CCND1, MMP3, MMP9, CXCL1, -2, -5, -6 and -12; IL8, S100A7 and IL1A), those expression and co-location may potentially change the appearance and internal structure of damaged skin. We also describe how to choose biomarkers using the results genomic studies and their limitations. Moreover, we provide examples of how different groups of gene and protein biomarkers are used in experimental biology and clinical practice. According to the previously published data, well-known biomarkers verified on animal models, depend on their biological effects, let to characterize structural changes and changes in the composition of cells represented at the site of damage before and after the treatment. In addition, the published experimental and clinical data provide an opportunity to analyze the efficiency of new experimental approaches and compare them to each other.

Laser Therapy Changes the Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Bleomycin-Induced Skin Fibrosis

“…Fibrosis is a pathological condition characterized by an expansion of connective tissue that compromises the integrity of the affected organ [1,2]. The cause of cutaneous fibrosis can be trauma.…”

Laser Therapy Changes the Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Bleomycin-Induced Skin Fibrosis

“…Fibrosis is a pathological condition characterized by an expansion of connective tissue that compromises the integrity of the affected organ [ 1 , 2 ]. Trauma is a cause of cutaneous fibrosis.…”

“…Along with transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and decorin (DCN), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are the most characteristic biomarkers of cutaneous fibrosis. In the affected area, MMPs maintain the balance between the accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and its breakdown [ 2 ]. TGF-β activates the biosynthesis of collagen and inhibits the degradation of ECM proteins.…”