Evaluation of Biological Activated Carbon (BAC) process in wastewater treatment secondary effluent for reclamation purposes

Kalkan, Çigdem; Yapsakli, Kozet; Mertoğlu, Bülent; Tufan, Deniz; Saatçı, A. M.

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2010.07.060

Cited by 95 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The biomass accumulated rapidly in the upper layer of ACC/QSDLBF, and biodegradation removal occurred at the top of the biofilter, whereas the lower growth rate at the bottom of ACC/QSDLBF was ascribed to a decreasing availability of organic nutrients downward through the filter (Xiang et al 2013). Considering that organic matter removal in the biofilter is roughly proportional to existing biomass, the result was along the expected lines (Kalkan et al 2011). In study of Liao et al (2013), DOC and AOC were mainly removed in the firststage BAC filter, especially in the top 20-cm GAC layer.…”

Section: Development Of Head Loss In Acc/qsdlbf and Qsslbf During Stesupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Most of the COD Mn removal in QSSLBF occurred in the first 40-cm-thickness quartz sand layer, and the surface 20-cm quartz sand accomplished 67.69 % total COD Mn removal. Compared with ACC/QSDLBF and BAC, the COD Mn removal of QSSLBF was largely dependent on the interception of insoluble organic matters, and the dissolved organic matter removal was low due to weak biodegradation capacity with respect to low existing biomass (Kalkan et al 2011). …”

Section: Development Of Head Loss In Acc/qsdlbf and Qsslbf During Stementioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of attapulgite composite ceramsite/quartz sand double-layer biofilter for micropolluted drinking source water purification

Wang

Zhong

Wan

et al. 2016

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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This study compared start-up and steady-state affecting factors of attapulgite composite ceramsite/quartz sand double-layer biofilter (ACC/QSDLBF) and quartz sand single-layer biofilter (QSSLBF) on micropolluted drinking source water treatment. Results showed that the ACC has suitable pore size distribution in the range of 5-850 nm which is conducive to biofiltration. Turbidity removal efficiency of ACC/QSDLBF was a little lower than QSSLBF, but organic matters and ammonia removal efficiencies of ACC/QSDLBF were much higher than QSSLBF due to biodegradation and nitrification by microorganisms colonizing on the ACC. At stable state, the growth of head loss for ACC/QSDLBF was lower than that of QSSLBF. The complete filtration cycle of ACC/ QSDLBF was 52 h. The total COD Mn removal rate of ACC/QSDLBF was 20.93 %, in which 90 % of removed total COD Mn was achieved at the upper 60 cm of ACC filter layer. The removal of COD Mn decreased from 35.89 to 13.16 % in ACC/QSDLBF when increasing hydraulic loading from 2 to 16 m/h. After analysis of efficient EBCT in ACC/QSDLBF, optimized hydraulic loading was 12 m/ h. These conclusions would be helpful to practical application of ACC as functional material for new construction of waterworks, especially upgrading of existing waterworks treating micropolluted drinking source water.

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Section: Development Of Head Loss In Acc/qsdlbf and Qsslbf During Stesupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Development Of Head Loss In Acc/qsdlbf and Qsslbf During Stementioning

confidence: 99%

Development of attapulgite composite ceramsite/quartz sand double-layer biofilter for micropolluted drinking source water purification

Wang

Zhong

Wan

et al. 2016

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Therefore, discrete utilization of water resources and reuse of treated wastewater for different purposes have been recognized as the most effective ways of conserving the limited resources of freshwater [1]. The presence of microorganisms and heavy metals is the main indication of water contamination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification of simulated waste water using green synthesized silver nanoparticles of Piliostigma thonningii aqueous leave extract

Shittu

Ihebunna

2017

Adv. Nat. Sci: Nanosci. Nanotechnol.

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Synthesis of nanoparticles from various biological systems has been reported, but among all such systems, biosynthesis of nanoparticles from plants is considered the most suitable method. The use of plant material not only makes the process eco-friendly, but also the abundance makes it more economical. The aim of this study was to biologically synthesize silver nanoparticle using Piliostigma thonningii aqueous leaf extract and applied in the purification of laboratory stimulated waste with optimization using the different conditions of silver nanoparticle production such as time, temperature, pH, concentration of silver nitrate and volume of the aqueous extract. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV–visible spectrophotometry, nanosizer, energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The time intervals for the reaction with aqueous silver nitrate solution shows an increase in the absorbance with time and became constant giving a maximum absorbance at 415 nm at 60 min of incubation. The pH of 6.5, temperature 65 °C, 1.25 mM of silver nitrate and 5 ml of plant extract was the best condition with maximum absorbance. The results from nanosizer, UV–vis and TEM suggested the biosynthesis silver nanoparticle to be spherical ranging from 50 nm to 114 nm. The EDX confirmed the elemental synthesis of silver at 2.60 keV and FTIR suggested the capping agent to be hydroxyl (OH) group with –C=C stretching vibrations. The synthesized silver nanoparticle also shows heavy metal removal activity in laboratory simulated waste water. The safety toxicity studies show no significant difference between the orally administered silver nanoparticles treated water group and control group, while the histopathological studies show well preserved hepatic architecture for the orally administered silver nanoparticle treated waste water group when compared with the control group. Therefore, it can be concluded that the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles have efficient ability in heavy metal removal without sub chronic adverse effects in experimental rats.

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“…Therefore, some advanced post-treatment technologies or the addition of pretreatment units to the existing water treatment plants, including magnetic ion exchange [10], UV/H 2 O 2 [11,12], peroxone (H 2 O 2 /O 3 ) [13], the TiO 2 photocatalytic process [14,15], UV/H 2 O 2 -granulated activated carbon (GAC) [16], ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes [17], nutshell carbons filtration [18] and ozone-biological activated carbon [19,20], have been increasingly used in the treatment of drinking water prior to disinfection to enhance the DOM removal and to prevent the generation of DBPs. A treatment method employing a CTP followed by an ozonation integrated with a biologically activated carbon (O 3 -BAC) process has been reported to be effective in the removal of certain organic contaminants during drinking water treatment [21,22]. Although a significant amount of studies have been conducted on O 3 -BAC, the application of the research findings is still somewhat limited by the contradictory results obtained in the previous studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 39%

Characteristics of DOM and Removal of DBPs Precursors across O3-BAC Integrated Treatment for the Micro-Polluted Raw Water of the Huangpu River

Zhu

Lü

2013

Water

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Abstract:The aim of this study is to determine the impact upon dissolved organic matter (DOM) and removal of disinfection by-product (DBP) precursors of adding an ozone-biological activated carbon (O 3 -BAC) process after the conventional treatment process (CTP) using water from the Huangpu River in Shanghai, east China. Several metrics, including size fractionation, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP), were employed to accomplish this goal. In the raw water collected from the Huangpu River, the low molecular weight (MW) molecules (MW <3 kDa) were absolutely dominant in DOM, accounting for more than 55% of total DOC, and the DOM resulted in a high THMFP level of 472.91 ± 4.63 µg/L after an excessive chlorination. The CTP reduced high MW molecules (MW >10 kDa) by 61% and the low MW molecules (MW <3 kDa) by only 8%. The O 3 -BAC presented an accumulated DOC removal efficiency of approximately 50%, in particular, showing a high degree of the removal effectiveness of low MW molecules. Samplings from the CTP, ozone and BAC were subjected to excessive chlorination to determine the THMFP, and the measured concentrations were 211.89 ± 4.58 µg/L, 169.52 ± 4.55 µg/L, and 124.42 ± 4.27 µg/L, respectively. Therefore, coupled with the THMFP removal rate of 74%, the addition of the O 3 -BAC process after an existing CTP improved the water quality of the effluent, particularly, in terms of the improved reduction in the precursors of DBPs.

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Evaluation of Biological Activated Carbon (BAC) process in wastewater treatment secondary effluent for reclamation purposes

Cited by 95 publications

References 24 publications

Development of attapulgite composite ceramsite/quartz sand double-layer biofilter for micropolluted drinking source water purification

Development of attapulgite composite ceramsite/quartz sand double-layer biofilter for micropolluted drinking source water purification

Purification of simulated waste water using green synthesized silver nanoparticles of Piliostigma thonningii aqueous leave extract

Characteristics of DOM and Removal of DBPs Precursors across O3-BAC Integrated Treatment for the Micro-Polluted Raw Water of the Huangpu River

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