Evaluation of Biochemical, Haematological, and Histopathological Responses and Recovery Ability of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpioL.) after Acute Exposure to Atrazine Herbicide

Abstract

The aim of study was to evaluate the effect of atrazine exposure (5, 15, 20, and 30 mg·L−1) on common carp and the ability of regeneration. During 96 h exposure we observed abnormal behavior in fish exposed to 20 and 30 mg·L−1. Mortality and histological alterations were noticed only in the group exposed to 30 mg·L−1. Most experimental groups showed significantly (P < 0.05) lower values of haemoglobin, haematocrit, leukocyte, and lymphocyte and significantly higher values of monocytes, segmented and band neutrophile granulocytes, and also metamyelocytes and myelocytes. A significantly lower (P < 0.05) leukocyte count was also recorded in experimental groups (5 and 15 mg·L−1) after recovery period. Statistically significant (P < 0.05) alterations in glucose, total protein, lactate, phosphorus, calcium, and biopterin as well as in activities of ALT, AST, ALP, and LDH were found in most experimental groups. These changes were most apparent in the groups exposed to 20 and 30 mg·L−1. Most of the indices were found to be restored after the 7-day recovery period with the exception of LDH, ALT, and lactate in the group exposed to 15 mg·L−1. Our results showed that atrazine exposure had a profound negative influence on selected indices and also on histological changes of common carp.

Atrazine-Mediated Oxidative Stress Responses and Lipid Peroxidation in the Tissues of Clarias gariepinus

“…The induction of ROS due to mitochondrial damage following atrazine intoxication may explain the elevation of AST in the blood of C. gariepinus. The present results agree with the observations in C. carpio [25]. Furthermore, the dynamics of ALT and AST activities during short-term and prolonged exposures appear to be related to the reduction of protein in the tissues of atrazineexposed fishes.…”

“…These results are similar to [25] observations that acute sub-lethal concentrations of atrazine caused a significant increase in ALT and AST of C. carpio. The AST is a mitochondrial enzyme found in the blood, heart, kidney and skeletal muscle [26].…”

“…Therefore, the depletion in protein level could also be attributed, in part, to the damaging effects of atrazine on these tissues. Similar trend in protein reduction due to atrazine toxicity and other herbicides have been reported in many fishes [23][24][25].…”

Histopathological effects of Cyperdicot and vitamin E supplementation on selected organs of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) reared in a tropical fish farm in Nigeria

“…Summarized histopathological effects in the kidney, gill and liver of C. gareipinus administered exposed to Cyperdicot and the control. C. carpio (Blahova et al, 2014) exposed to atrazine. Epithelial hypertrophy could be as a result of epithelial detachment as stated by Machado and Fanta (2003).…”

Cytochemical characterization of peripheral blood cell populations of two Cyprinidae,Carassius auratusandCtenopharyngodon idellus

“…Fish diseases pose a large threat to the aquaculture industry and to the food supply. Changes in blood cell number, morphology and functional enzyme composition are direct markers that we can use to detect the healthy status of fish (Blahova et al., ). In addition to the traditional method of Wright's Stain, enzyme cytochemical stains are also widely used.…”