Evaluation of Benzylpenicillin as an Internal Standard for Measurement of Piperacillin Bone Concentrations Via Microdialysis

Abstract

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Intermittent Short-Term Infusion vs. Continuous Infusion of Piperacillin: Steady State Concentrations in Porcine Cervical Spine Tissue Evaluated by Microdialysis

“…Only a few studies have previously investigated piperacillin bone concentrations, and no studies have evaluated intervertebral disc concentrations [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. A recent piperacillin STI single dose (4/0.5 g) microdialysis porcine study found a notably longer mean f T > MIC (16 g/mL) of 255 min (57%) in tibial cancellous bone during a 480 min sampling period compared to the present of 82 min (25%) in vertebral cancellous bone (STI dosing in third dosing interval and 360 min sampling period).…”

“…A recent piperacillin STI single dose (4/0.5 g) microdialysis porcine study found a notably longer mean f T > MIC (16 g/mL) of 255 min (57%) in tibial cancellous bone during a 480 min sampling period compared to the present of 82 min (25%) in vertebral cancellous bone (STI dosing in third dosing interval and 360 min sampling period). This may be explained by discrepancies between dosing interval, anatomical location, and/or bone structure, exemplifying that bone is a heterogeneous compartment [ 29 ]. Previous bone specimen studies from human jaw, hip, and femoral bone, have reported piperacillin cancellous bone tissue penetration in the range of 0.15–0.23, which is in line with the penetration to vertebral cancellous bone in Group STI (0.21) [ 30 ].…”

“…This fraction is referred to as the relative recovery (RR) and calibration of all individual catheters is imperative if total tissue concentrations are to be determined [ 40 ]. In this study, calibration was conducted using benzylpenicillin as an internal calibrator for piperacillin, which has previously been thoroughly investigated [ 29 ].…”

High Cefuroxime Concentrations and Long Elimination in an Orthopaedic Surgical Deadspace—A Microdialysis Porcine Study

“…Microdialysis is a catheter-based method for continuous sampling of the free unbound and active fraction of antibiotics in the interstitial space of the tissue of interest [ 43 , 44 , 45 ]. A semipermeable membrane at the tip of the catheter allows solutes to diffuse along the concentration gradient, but without achieving equilibrium, as the microdialysis catheter is constantly perfused.…”

“…Microdialysis is a catheter-based method for continuous sampling of the free unbound and active fraction of antibiotics in the interstitial space of the tissue of interest [43][44][45].…”