Evaluation of barley and triticale as feed ingredients in growing Iberian pigs: amino acid and carbohydrate ileal digestibility

Fernández‐Fígares, I.; García, María Alejandra; Ruíz, Raquel; Rubio, Luis A.

doi:10.1002/jsfa.3163

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Moreover, this meta-analysis revealed a great variation between the SID of individual AA in barley samples, with higher digestibility values for Ile, Leu, Phe, Val, Glu and Tyr, whereas the digestibility values of Thr, Trp and Gly were considerably low. These differences in digestibility of individual AA in barley could also be attributed to the unbalanced distribution of AA in grains (Fernández-Fígares et al, 2008). Amino acids such as Lys occur mainly in the aleurone cells which are poorly digestible, as they have solid cellulosic cell walls, hardly accessible for digestive enzymes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The database A database containing AID of CP and AA in 38 barley samples for pigs was extracted from a total of 26 peer-reviewed papers with data on AID of CP and AA in barley including studies of Baidoo and Liu (1998) (3);De Lange et al (1990) (1); Fan et al (1993) (1); Fan and Sauer (1995) (1); Fan and Sauer (2002) (6); Fernández-Fígares et al (2008) (1) ;Fuller et al (1994) (1); Furuya and Kaji (1991) (1); Green et al (1987) (1); Ige et al (2010) (2); Jørgensen et al (1997) (2); Lin et al (1987) (1); Nitrayová et al (2006) (1); Nyachoti et al (1997) (1); Pedersen et al (2007) (1); Perttilä et al (2002) (1); Reverter and Lindberg (1998) (1); Rowan and Lawrence (1986) (1); Sauer et al (1977) (1); Sauer et al (1981) (4); Schröder et al (1989) (1); Stein et al (1999) (1); Taverner et al (1981b) (1); Yin et al (1993) (1); Yin et al (2001a) (1) and Yin et al (2002) (1) (number of barley samples per study is given in brackets). The selection of these peer-reviewed papers was based on several criteria including (1) complete information on diet composition; (2) complete information on CP and AA contents of the diet and (or) barley; (3) use of barley as the only source of protein in the diet; (4) diets being devoid of feed additives.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, those AA (e.g. Glu) which are mainly located in storage proteins (prolamins and glutelins) of the highly digestible endosperm fractions are better digestible (Sauer et al, 1974;Fernández-Fígares et al, 2008).Another reason for the variation in SID and AID values between studies can be attributed to different contents of anti-nutritional factors present in barley, including β-glucans (mixed-linked non-starch polysaccharides) and NDF (Yin et al, 2001b; Fan and Sauer, 2002;Lynch et al, 2007). For example, there are large differences in β-glucan content among barley samples, ranging between 30 and 110 g/kg (Skendi et al, 2003), partly due to the higher β-glucan contents in hulless than in hulled barley .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Evaluation through literature data on standardized ileal digestibility and basal ileal endogenous loss of amino acids associated with barley in pigs

Spindler

Mosenthin

Eklund

2014

Animal

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This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) and the basal ileal endogenous amino acid losses (IAA end ) in barley for growing pigs. In total, 38 different barley treatments published in 26 peer-reviewed papers were used for the meta-analysis containing information on dietary composition including amino acid (AA) contents of the assay diets, and (or) barley samples, as well as apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of AA in barley. The SID of AA was determined by either correcting AID of AA for their IAA end or by regression analysis between the apparent ileal digestible and total dietary AA contents. The SID values obtained by correcting the AID values for their IAA end amounted to 70%, 77%, 74% and 63% for Lys, Met, Thr and Trp, whereas those based on regression analysis method were 82%, 82%, 69% and 55%, respectively. Estimates of basal ileal endogenous loss of CP in ileal digesta varied considerably and averaged 11.84 g/kg dry matter intake (DMI), whereas IAA end for indispensable AA ranged from 0.05 g/kg DMI for Trp to 1.90 g/kg DMI for Leu. In most cases, these estimates were considerably higher than previously reported values for IAA end . The results of the present regression analysis indicate for most AA higher SID values compared with SID of most AA that were obtained by correcting AID values for IAA end . In view of the observed high variations in IAA end and the low CP content of the barley samples, estimating SID of AA based on literature data by means of the regression method may improve accuracy of SID coefficients for barley. In contrast, transformation of AID values into their corresponding SID values by using a constant correction factor for IAA end adds an additional source of error, thereby reducing the precision in estimating SID of AA.Keywords: amino acids, meta-analysis, pigs, standardized ileal digestibility, barley ImplicationsRegression analyses between the apparent ileal digestible and the total dietary amino acid (AA) content in barley samples have proven to be superior over the calculation of standardized ileal digestibility (SID) by correcting apparent ileal digestibility (AID) values for their ileal endogenous amino acid (IAA end ). According to regression analysis, SID of most AA in barley was >80%, whereas SID of most AA obtained by correcting AID values for IAA end was below 80%. In particular, lower SID of Lys, Thr and Trp in comparison to other indispensable AA need to be compensated for, for example, through supplementation with crystalline AA in barley diets for pigs. IntroductionThe world production of barley amounts to over 134 million tons annually (FAOSTAT, 2011), therefore, and due to its low purchase cost, barley is the most important crop in diets for livestock after wheat and maize (Leterme et al., 2000;Hennig et al., 2006; FAOSTAT, 2011). The protein content of cereal grains including barley is considerably lower than that of protein supplements such as soya bean meal, but due to their high dietary inclusion level, cereal grains can su...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation through literature data on standardized ileal digestibility and basal ileal endogenous loss of amino acids associated with barley in pigs

Spindler

Mosenthin

Eklund

2014

Animal

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“…Furthermore, relative to barley, triticale shows better digestibility of amino acids and carbohydrates (van Barneveld and Cooper, 2002). It is also noteworthy that triticale is a relatively soft grain, with a hardness index almost half of that observed for wheat or barley (Fernandez-Figares et al, 2008), and therefore less mechanical energy would be required for grinding triticale grain prior to mixing it into livestock diets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Feeding diets based on barley or triticale during fattening of high-meat PIC pigs: Effects on carcass characteristics and meat quality parameters

Turyk¹,

Osek²,

Janocha³

et al. 2011

Acta vet. (Beogr.)

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This study was conducted to compare performance, carcass and meat quality parameters in high-meat fattening hybride PIC pigs fed barley or triticale based diets. Sixty, 12 week old weaner piglets of similar mean body weight (30 kg ± 0.4) were randomly divided into two groups of 30 each, and assigned to one of the two dietary treatment groups designated as group B (fed bar ley based diets) and group T (fed triticale based diets). The pigs fed T based diets showed 8% higher growth rate (p<0.05) at 11% lower feed conversion ratio. Post slaughter parameters in pigs fed triticale based diets were more desirable than in those fed barley based diets. T fed pigs had higher loin eye area and smaller suet weight (p<0.01). Dressing percentage, carcass length, fleshiness, back fat thickness, dry matter, crude ash, crude protein and ether extract and pH of meat were similar in both groups. Meat from T fed pigs had slightly darker colour of m. semimembranosus, and higher water holding capacity of m. longisimus lumborum (p<0.05). Feeding triticale based diets to PIC pigs has beneficial effects on performance and characteristics carcass. Triticale could totally replace barley in rations for fattening high meat PIC swine

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Grain for Feed and Energy

Meale

McAllister

2015

Triticale

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Evaluation of barley and triticale as feed ingredients in growing Iberian pigs: amino acid and carbohydrate ileal digestibility

Cited by 10 publications

References 44 publications

Evaluation through literature data on standardized ileal digestibility and basal ileal endogenous loss of amino acids associated with barley in pigs

Evaluation through literature data on standardized ileal digestibility and basal ileal endogenous loss of amino acids associated with barley in pigs

Feeding diets based on barley or triticale during fattening of high-meat PIC pigs: Effects on carcass characteristics and meat quality parameters

Grain for Feed and Energy

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