Evaluation of Bacterial Strains for the Induction of Plant Biochemicals, Nutritional Contents and Isozymes in Barley

Aim The present research was conducted to investigate the effect of plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and deficit irrigation on quality and quantity of flax under field and pot conditions to determine bacterial efficiency and to decrease water deficit effects. Methods and Results Initially, in vitro experiments were performed to determine the growth‐promoting characteristics of bacteria. Then in the field, the effects of bacterial inoculation (control, Azotobacter chroococcum, Azospirillum lipoferum, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus sp. strain1 and Pseudomonas putida) on flax traits were evaluated at different irrigation levels (100, 75 and 50% crop water requirement). Bacterial treatments in the pot experiment were selected based on the field experiment results. The irrigation regimes in the pot and field experiments were the same and bacterial treatments included single, doublet and triplet applications of the bacteria. All the bacterial strains could solubilize phosphate, produce ammonia (except for Bacillus sp. strain1), indole acetic acid and siderophore (except P. putida). Field results indicated that the bacteria significantly mitigated the effects of water deficit. Compared with control plants, bacterial treatments increased the oil, linolenic acid, protein and sulphur content; the number of shoots and capsules; and the harvest index in the flax plants. Pot experimental results revealed that the combined inoculations were more effective than single inoculum treatments. Conclusions Bacterial inoculation alleviates deficit irrigation effects in flax plants. Significance and Impact of the Study The effectiveness of applying A. chroococcum, B. amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus sp. strain1 was confirmed, especially as a combination to protect flax against water deficit and to improve its nutritional quality and growth.

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“…Absorbance was measured at 747 nm and compared with potassium dichromate standard curve (Yousaf et al . 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial inoculation positively affects the quality and quantity of flax under deficit irrigation regimes

Rajabi-Khamseh

Shahraki

Rafieiolhossaini

et al. 2020

J. Appl. Microbiol.

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“…At this stage, an additional assay was carried out to determine the plant defenses (i.e. lignin, pectin, cellulose hemicellulose, phenolics, alkaloids, and terpenoids) were assessed using a Ultraviolet (UV)‐visible spectrophotometer (UV‐1601 Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan), according to the spectrophotometric method of Yousaf et al . Activities of various enzymes such as phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POX) were analyzed as described in a previous study .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benzenedicarboxylic acid upregulates O48814 and Q9FJQ8 for improved nutritional contents of tomato and low risk of fungal attack

et al. 2019

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BACKGROUND Tomato is an important food item and a cocktail of phytonutrients. In the current study, metabolites from a non‐pathogenic fungal species Penicillium oxalicum have been exploited to obtain nutritionally augmented tomato fruits from the plants to better withstand against Alternaria alternata infection. RESULTS Initially, bioactivity‐guided assay and chromatographic analyses identified the bioactive metabolites of P. oxalicum [benzenedicarboxylic acid (BDA) and benzimidazole]. Then, ≥3 times elevated quantities of vitamins and other nutritional elements (protein, fat, fibers, and carbohydrates) were achieved by the foliar application of BDA. The maximum increase (625.81%) was recorded in riboflavin contents; however, thiamine showed the second highest enhancement (542.86%). Plant metabolites analysis revealed that jasmonic acid contents were boosted 121.53% to significantly enhance guaiacyl lignin defenses along with the reduction in coumarin contents. The protein profile analysis explored three most actively responding protein species toward BDA applications, (i) palmitoyltransferase protein Q9FLM3; (ii) serine/threonine‐protein kinase O48814; and (iii) E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase Q9FJQ8. The O48814 improved plant defenses; whereas, Q9FJQ8 protein was negatively regulating cysteine‐type endopeptidase activity and assisted plant to resist schedule alterations. Tomato cultivar with more active innate metabolism was found to be more responsive toward BDA. Furthermore, the bioactive compounds were enriched by using the two‐step extraction method of ethyl acetate and chloroform, respectively. CONCLUSION Penicillium oxalicum a non‐pathogenic fungal species, produced BDA, induced nutritional contents in tomato and protected it against Alternaria alternata. The current study is the first report on the bioactivity of BDA and benzimidazole concerning the nutritional enhancement and plant defense improvement. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Thinking About PPFM Bacteria as a Model of Seed Endophytes: Who Are They? Where Did They Come from? What Are They Doing for the Plant? What Can They Do for Us?

Holland

2019

Seed Endophytes

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Evaluation of Bacterial Strains for the Induction of Plant Biochemicals, Nutritional Contents and Isozymes in Barley

Cited by 3 publications

References 55 publications

Bacterial inoculation positively affects the quality and quantity of flax under deficit irrigation regimes

Bacterial inoculation positively affects the quality and quantity of flax under deficit irrigation regimes

Benzenedicarboxylic acid upregulates O48814 and Q9FJQ8 for improved nutritional contents of tomato and low risk of fungal attack

Thinking About PPFM Bacteria as a Model of Seed Endophytes: Who Are They? Where Did They Come from? What Are They Doing for the Plant? What Can They Do for Us?

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