Evaluation of bacterial and archaeal diversity in the rumen of Xiangxi yellow cattle (Bos taurus) fed Miscanthus sinensis or common mixed feedstuff

Abstract

Miscanthus sinensis is a potential biofuel that is distributed widely in China, but with difficulties for decomposition and utilization due to the complexity of its fibrous cell walls. To detect whether M. sinensis could increase the population of rumen fibrolitic microbes, two16S rRNA gene libraries were constructed using ruminal samples from Xiangxi yellow cattle fed with either common mixed feedstuff (group C) or M. sinensis (group M), and the diversity of ruminal bacteria and archaea in the rumens of cattle of both groups was identified. Based on the comparative analysis of these two groups, the microbial composition in group C/M was found to be: Bacteroidetes (16.33 %/28.15 %), Firmicutes (68.88 %/60.92 %), Proteobacteria (10.71 %/3.78 %), Planctomycetes (0/0.84 %), Lentisphaerae (0/0.42 %), Spirochaetes (1.02 %/0) in the Bacteria domain and Thermoplasmata (13.09 %/46.67 %), Methanomicrobia (57.14 %/12.22 %) and uncultured archaea (29.76 %/41.11 %) in the Archaea domain, respectively. Moreover, through phylogenetic analysis, we also detected the increase of Bacteroidetes and the decrease of Methanomicrobia in group M. These results indicated that feeding cattle with M. sinensis will change the microbial composition in the rumen; the increased bacteroidetes may be responsible for digesting M. sinensis, which will benefit us in further screening for potentially valuable bio-enzymes.

<b>Bacterial diversity in bovine rumen by metagenomic 16S rDNA sequencing and scanning electron microscopy

“…The 98 sequences belonged to the dominion Bacterium, of which approximately 97.96% were related to the Bacteroidetes phylum and only 2.04% of the sequences to the Firmicutes phylum. The predominance of the phyla corroborates data given by several authors who reported that the most relevant identified phyla in bovine rumen are the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla (Callaway et al, 2010;Chen et al, 2011;Li et al, 2014).…”

Assessing rumen microbial composition and fibre attachment in dairy cows

“…The predominant phyla detected in this study were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, which is in line with other bovine rumen based studies (De Menezes et al, 2011b;Li et al, 2014;Huws et al, 2016;Van Lingen et al, 2017a). The predominant family-level taxa belonging to Firmicutes in the RF fraction were: Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and unclassified Clostridiales.…”

Comparison of the gut microbiome in red deer (Cervus elaphus) and fallow deer (Dama dama) by high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene

“…The difference in the ability to adapt to a captive environment may result from the different gut bacterial composition of red deer and fallow deer. At the order level, Planctomycetales belongs to Planctomycetes, and Planctomycetes is often found in the digestive tracts of ruminant animals 8 . This taxon possesses the ability to oxidize ammonium 33 .…”

“…The significant difference indicated that red deer and fallow deer may have different decomposition abilities for different types of fibers, fats, and proteins. The CPla-4 termite group belongs to Planctomycetes, and the function may be correlated with reducing the concentration of ammonium in the intestinal system 8 . Anaeroplasma has enzymic activity in the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway for glycolytic catabolism 36 .…”

“…For example, Firmicutes (68%), Bacteroidetes (14%), and Proteobacteria (10%) predominated among gut bacterial composition of healthy horses 5 . Li et al 8 found that Firmicutes (64%) and Bacteroidetes (22%) were dominant in the gut microbiome of donkeys, followed by Verrucomicrobia (5%), Euryarchaeota (4%), Proteobacteria (3%), and Spirochaete (2%). Firmicutes (66.37-69.23%) and Bacteroidetes (21.26-26.55%) were the major phyla in the gut flora of golden takins with more than 90% of the total sequences in all samples 4 .…”