Evaluation of Automatic Blood Analyzer as Screening Method in Fetomaternal Hemorrhage

Abstract

Screening of fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) is essential in management of fetomaternal antigen incompatibilities of blood. The objective in this study was to evaluate the ability of automatic blood analyzer (ABA) to screen FMH, also comparing this method with flow cytometry (FCM). The contents of fetal red blood cells and fetal hemoglobin were evaluated by FCM and ABA, respectively, using both blood samples of male adults laced with umbilical cord blood diluted at 1/10, 1/100, 1/1,000, and 1/10,000, or blood from puerperal women collected within 48 hours following delivery. FCM had better performance (area under curve, AUC = 0.8723) than ABA (AUC = 0.6569) in detecting fetal blood laced with blood from male adults. At a critical level of 0.5%, ABA indicated that 27.5% of puerperal women would have FMH while FCM did not detect FMH. Our results showed that ABA overestimates FMH and disagrees with FCM on indicating puerperal women with FMH. ABA is inadequate for being used to screen for or to measure FMH.

Prenatal diagnosis of fetomaternal hemorrhage by a novel hydrogel fluoroimmunoassay that accurately quantifies fetal haemoglobin

“…In addition, compared to the article by Agaylan, A. and Kumpel, B., this technique has the advantages of not requiring washing, high efficiency, loss-free separation of antigen-antibody complexes, higher sensitivity, simple and rapid operation, reduced fibrinogen interference, and elimination of false positives ( Agaylan et al, 2007 ; Kumpel et al, 2014 ). FCM is more advantageous in this study for detecting fetal RBCs and F cells in blood samples, consistent with Marcella R’s report ( Cardoso et al, 2019 ). In this experiment, the centrifugal force that causes red blood cells sensitized with anti-HbF to sink is 285 g. The article by Wang demonstrates that the minimum centrifugal force required for red blood cells to sink is less than 100 g, whereas the minimum centrifugal force required for proteins to sink is 3,000 g. In this experiment, the centrifugal force is greater than in Wang’s article.…”

“…In addition, F cells will physiologically increase during pregnancy. Hemoglobin in F cells and fetal RBCs has different antigen specificity to support the distinct differentiation of fetal RBCs and adult RBCs, resulting in different fluorescence intensities ( Cardoso et al, 2019 ; Stanic et al, 2020 ). The anti-HbF antibody used in this experiment is a specific antibody against two distinct epitopes of HbF, and the adult HbF sample, which is the negative control, is used as the negative control.…”

Is Feto-Maternal Transfusion after Cesarean Delivery Different in Singleton and Twin Pregnancy?

“…This is due to the assumed difference in FMT between singleton and twin delivery. Different methods (flow cytometry tests, the microscopic Kleihauer-Betke method, serological agglutination test, high-performance liquid chromatography) were introduced for the measurement of the rate of fetal cells in maternal circulation [ 10 ]. Few reports are available on the analysis and comparison of FMT in singleton and twin pregnancies, and their findings are inconclusive [ 3 , 4 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Evaluation of humoral pattern detection performance of Mindray BC-6000PLUS blood analyzer based on WS/T 662-2020

“…These instruments have a high degree of automation and less manual operation-related errors, which improved the detection efficiency, accuracy and precision, and facilitated the procedure of standardization. Given their high application value, cell counting and cell classification of body fluid samples are being more widely processed by automatic hematology analyzers (3)(4)(5). The Mindray BC-6000PLUS automatic hematology analyzer (hereinafter referred to as the BC-6000PLUS analyzer; Shenzhen Mindray Biomedical Electronics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China) has 2 detection modes (i.e., blood model and humoral mode).…”