Evaluation of Assam Bora Rice Starch as Plasma Volume Expander by Polymer Analysis

Abstract

Water soluble polysaccharides are currently finding increasing use as a basis material for plasma volume expander. In clinical setting it is desirable to have a precise knowledge of steric and chemical structure, since these affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacology of plasma volume expander. Branch component of starch amylopectin is very similar in structure to glycogen, the reserve polysaccharide of animal and therefore is liable to be compatible with body tissue. The knowledge of weight average molecular mass, degree of branching, osmotic pressure and coil dimension are essential, since low molecular mass do not have desirable effect and large molar mass have undesirable effect. Assam Bora rice starch was characterized by polymer analysis for use as plasma volume expander. Characterization involves the determination of FTIR spectra, degree of branching by H1 NMR, osmotic pressure by internal measurement technique, establishment of Mark-Houwink relationship and determination of Molecular weight - viscosity relationship.

Characterization and physiological effect of tapioca maltodextrin colloid plasma expander in hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation model

“…The higher the solution concentration is, the more viscous the solution becomes. The effect of starch concentration on solution's viscosity was also observed in the study by Bhattacharya et al, which showed that the viscosity of 6 % w/v starch was higher than 4 % w/v starch at different rotational speed for both treated and untreated starch [12].…”

“…However, the pharmacological and clinical equivalence between potato starch-based versus waxy maize-based HES plasma expanders still needs to be investigated further. Even more recently, Ahmad and colleagues have presented an alternative source of starch, Assam Bora rice, for plasma expanders [11,12]. They have characterized Assam Bora rice starch in the view of the FTIR spectra, degree of branching, osmotic pressure and molecular weight-viscosity relationship to use as plasma expander.…”

In vitroandin vivoevaluation ofAssam Borarice starch-based bioadhesive microsphere as a drug carrier for colon targeting

“…All other chemicals used in the experiment were of analytical reagent grade and used without further purification. Starch was isolated by methods already established [11][12][13][14]. MTZ (> 99% purity) was obtained as a gift sample from Aarey Drugs & Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Mumbai, India.…”

“…Assam Bora rice, locally known as Bora Chaval, was first introduced in Assam, India from Thailand or Myanmar by Thai-Ahoms [9][10][11], which is now widely cultivated throughout the Assam. The starch obtained from Assam Bora rice is characterized by its high amylopectin content (i.e., > 95%) with branched waxy polymer which shows physical stability and resistance towards enzymatic action [10][11][12]. Assam Bora rice starch hydrates and swells in cold water forming viscous colloidal dispersion or sols, which are responsible for its bioadhesive nature.…”

“…Moreover, it is totally degraded by colonic bacteria but remains undigested in the upper GIT. So, on account of its bioadhesive nature, drug release retarding property and susceptibility to microbial degradation in the large intestine [10][11][12], Assam Bora rice starch is used in our study for targeting MTZ to colon in the form of bioadhesive microspheres (BAMs).…”