Evaluation of Aortic Injury in Driver Fatalities Occurring in Motor Vehicle Accidents in the State of Maryland for 2003 and 2004

Ripple, Mary G.; Grant, Jami R.; Mealey, Joan; Fowler, David

doi:10.1097/paf.0b013e318173f067

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Motor vehicle drivers sustained direct chest injuries due to impact against the front part of the vehicle interior, i.e. the steering wheel, as well as hyperextension and deceleration [32][33][34] . The large percentage of chest injuries among tractor drivers in this study sample could be explained by the characteristics of the vehicle and the mechanism by which the accident occurred.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic characteristics of chest injuries among subjects who died in road traffic accidents

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background / Aim. In road traffic accidents, chest injuries are a critical factor since death usually occurs as a result of injuries to the heart and lungs, flail chest, pneumothorax, exsanguination etc. The aim of this study was to analyse the most vulnerable subjects in road accidents, as well as the most frequent and most significant types of chest injuries sustained by different categories of subjects, and to examine the relevance of certain injuries or risk factors to outliving the injuries. Methods. The autopsy, retrospective and cross-sectional study was performed at the Clinical Centre of Kragujevac, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. The study included all the participants in road traffic accidents on the territory of Kragujevac and the surrounding area who died from the injuries sustained or due to complications of the injuries during the period from 2001 to 2016. The subjects were divided into the following groups: pedestrians, motor vehicle drivers, front-seat passengers, back-seat passengers, bicyclists, motorcyclists and tractor drivers. Occurrence of injuries in three regions of the body (chest, head and abdomen) was analysed in all the subjects. Results. The study included 525 subjects who died due to injuries sustained in traffic accidents, which makes up for 38.4% of the total number of 1,366 autopsy cases covered by the study period. The average age of the subjects was 52±19 years. The study sample consisted of 391 (74.5%) men and 134 (25.5%) women. The most vulnerable subjects were pedestrians (220, i.e. 41.9%), followed by motor vehicle drivers (98, i.e. 18.7%), front-seat passengers (79, i.e. 15%), motorcyclists (39, i.e. 7.4%), bicyclists (38, i.e. 7.2%), back-seat passengers (29, i.e. 5.5%) and tractor drivers (22, i.e. 4.2%). Chest injuries were identified in 408 subjects (77.7%), while the most frequent type of injury was rib fracture, observed in two thirds of the sample. Out of the total number, 291 (55.4%) subjects died at the scene of the accident or on their way to the hospital, while 234 (44.6%) of them outlived injuries for a certain period of time. Drivers exhibited the highest risk of dying at the scene, while bicyclists outlived their injuries more frequently. Conclusion. Chest injuries are very common in subjects who died at the scene of road traffic accident.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic characteristics of chest injuries among subjects who died in road traffic accidents

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gundry, et al have recommended that all patients over 65 years of age who have thoracic trauma undergo aortography, because of the higher prevalence of aortic transaction in this age group [5]. Data indicate that the use of transesophageal echocardiography can also be used in the emergency evaluation of patients with blunt chest trauma, when the risks of aortography are great [5][6][7]. In a recent article, computed tomography was used to classify aortic injuries on the basis of severity: grade I, intimal tear; grade II, intramural hematoma; grade III, aortic pseudo aneurysm; and grade IV, free rupture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main mechanism leading to rupture of the ascending aorta seems to be a severe blow to the bony thorax. Ruptures of the distal descending part of the aorta were frequently associated with fractures of the thoracic vertebra [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thoracic Aortic Laceration Resulting in Death, Six Days after a Motor Vehicle Accident: A Case Study

Jyoti¹,

Kazmi²,

Nr³

et al. 2017

Journal of Forensic and Crime Studies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Previous studies of aortic lacerations have focused on the location of lacerations along the axis of the aorta and the presence of other impact wounds in the body (2–7), clinical diagnosis and treatment (8–11), or physical mechanisms of wounding (12–13), but have provided little detail on the morphology of aortic lacerations and the overlying mediastinal serosa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laceration of the Aorta: An Autopsy Series

Mainland

Cantu-Duran

Adams

2014

Academic Forensic Pathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Of 145 autopsies on subjects of impact trauma, 35 had lacerations of the aorta located as follows: proximal aorta (5), isthmus (22), and descending aorta (11) (three subjects had lacerations of the isthmus and the descending aorta). Four of the five lacerations of the proximal aorta ruptured into the pericardial sac. All lacerations at the isthmus were full thickness. Five were double, parallel, adjacent lacerations, of which only one was circumferential. Three of the 22 also had intimal tears of the descending aorta. One of the 22 lacerations was tamponaded and did not rupture into a body cavity. In eight, rupture and bleeding occurred into both pleural cavities, whereas 12 had rupture only into the left pleural cavity. Fourteen of the 22 had evidence of transient tamponade in the form of a mediastinal hematoma. Of the 11 subjects with lacerations of the descending aorta, one had only intimal tears. The other ten had full thickness lacerations that were located throughout the descending aorta. Four of the ten had more than one aortic laceration. Six of the total 11 had a vertebral dislocation. Three of the ten also had a laceration at the isthmus. Severe wounds of the head and thoracoabdominal viscera other than the aorta were common. Most subjects died at the scene. Novel to this study are the explicit descriptions of 1) aortic lacerations involving less than the circumference of the aorta, 2) aortic lacerations that are double, and 3) the tendency for double lacerations to be less than circumferential.

show abstract

Evaluation of Aortic Injury in Driver Fatalities Occurring in Motor Vehicle Accidents in the State of Maryland for 2003 and 2004

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Forensic characteristics of chest injuries among subjects who died in road traffic accidents

Forensic characteristics of chest injuries among subjects who died in road traffic accidents

Thoracic Aortic Laceration Resulting in Death, Six Days after a Motor Vehicle Accident: A Case Study

Laceration of the Aorta: An Autopsy Series

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About