Evaluation of antitumor efficacy of Cerium oxide nanoparticle on Ehrlich tumour cells in mice

Abstract

The goal of the current study was to assess the anticancer effects of cisplatin and cerium oxide nanoparticles on tumours caused by Ehrlich tumour cells in the skeletal muscles of female mice. The Ehrlich solid carcinoma bearing female mice were divided into 5 groups, control group Ehrlich solid carcinoma bearing mice were administered deionized dist. water for two weeks, Group 2 orally administered with ( 5%CeNPs) Group 3: orally administered with ( 10%CeNPs) Group 4: orally administered with ( 20%CeNPs) Group 5: Ehrlich solid carcinoma bearing mice were injected intraperitoneal with Cisplatin (1 mg/kg) daily for two weeks. Antioxidant parameters, comet assay, histopathology, and mRNA expression of (P53 and K-ras ) genes were evaluated. The tumour mass was consisted of sheets and clusters of neoplastic cells with small areas of necrosis. The addition of cerium oxide nanoparticles lead to diminished the tumour masses and appearance of apoptotic holes. In the first group, the present study found higher levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The addition of 20% CeNPs resulted in a drop in MDA and an increase in SOD, while the activity of the GPx enzymes increased. The K-Ras gene was up-regulated by the CeNPs, but the P53 gene was down-regulated. Cisplatin also showed similar results to cerium oxide nanoparticles but less prominent. The cerium oxide nanoparticle had antitumor efficacy as that of the cisplatin with low side effects on the tissues.