Evaluation of antioxidant and hypolipidaemic effects of fermented Parkia biglobosa (Jacq) seeds in tyloxapol-induced hyperlipidaemic rats

Abstract

Globally, fermented foods form an intricate part of the staple diet of people. This study investigated the hypolipidaemic potential of fermented seeds of Parkia biglobosa (African locust bean/iru), a popular condiment by supplementing (20% w/w) in animal feed. Animals (n=5) in six treatment groups received; standard rat diet (control); iru-supplemented feed; standard rat feed with tyloxapol administered at the end of the experimental period (tyloxapol control); iru supplemented feed and triton at the end of the experimental period; standard feed with administration of fluvastatin sodium (40 and 80 mg/kg body weight) accordingly. Hyperlipidaemia was induced and ascertained by single intraperitoneal injection of 250 mg/kg triton WR 1339 (tyloxapol) constituted in normal saline. It was administered after six weeks experimental period to respective groups. The results revealed that addition of the fermented condiment into animals' feed mitigated increased lipid levels [total cholesterol (TC) and Low-density lipoproteincholesterol (LDL-C); triglyceride (TG)] triggered by injection of tyloxapol. On the other hand, iru caused a significant decrease in plasma and liver total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), LDL-C (p< 0.05) and increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL)-C levels (p< 0.05). The condiment showed a competitive hypotriglyceridaemic and greater hypocholesterolemic activity in the plasma when compared with fluvastatin at both concentrations. The condiment showed reasonable activities for the entire in vitro antioxidant assays done. Histopathologic examination revealed its hepatoprotective capability. Regular consumption of this condiment may represent a good dietary alternative for control of hyperlipidaemia and associated conditions.

Local Condiment, Iru, Obtained from the Fermentation of Parkia biglobosa Seed Substantially Reduced the Serum Cholesterol Level of Wister Rats

“…This reduction is even lower than the reduction reported by the standard drug, statin. This result agrees with Ayo-Lawal et al (2014) who reported a decrease in the cholesterol level of the rats fed with fermented P. biglobosa seed.…”

“…The observed increase in HDL for all treated groups is an indication of how effective the treatment has proven. This observed increase in HDL level in rats agrees with reports of Laleye et al (2016) and Ayo-Lawal et al (2014). Liong and Shah (2005) reported that high levels of HDL in animal and human blood protect against heart attack.…”

Antihyperlipidaemic and Antioxidant Potential of Fermented Citrullus vulgaris Seeds (Thunb.) on Tyloxapol-induced Hyperlipidaemic Rats: A Comparison With Fluvastatin

“…The condiment was effective in mitigating increased TC concentration, even better than at both concentration of the reference drug used in the study. Fermented Parkia biglobosa seeds showed similar observation when fed to tyloxapol-induced hyperlidaemic rats (Ayo-Lawal et al, 2014). The result of this study further showed that the condiment caused a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the plasma level of HDL-C, which is described as 'good cholesterol' (Agbedana, 1999).…”

Genus Parkia: Phytochemical, Medicinal Uses, and Pharmacological Properties

“…These compounds promote vasorelaxation [ 182 ] by modulating nitric oxide availability [ 183 ] and inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) [ 184 ], in addition to a reduction in oxidative stress [ 185 ], leading to blood pressure-lowering effects of the plant extract. The fermented seeds also decrease plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels in Tyloxapol-induced hyperlipidemic rats [ 186 ], and platelet aggregation [ 187 ].…”