Evaluation of antineuronal antibodies and 8-OHdG in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder: a case-control study

Ulgar, Şermin Bilgen; Ayaydın, Hamza; Çelik, Hakim; Koyuncu, İsmail; Kirmit, Adnan

doi:10.1080/13651501.2021.1993925

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 48 publications

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“…In a study of mothers with autistic children and a control group, the level of anti-RI antibodies was significantly higher in the case group. According to the study, maternal neuroantibodies, such as anti-RI, may play a role in the risk of childhood autism [33]. In many case-report studies, the presence of anti-RI has been reported positively, including in 1 female patient with subacute brainstem paraneoplastic neuropathy syndrome associated with breast cancer [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoantibodies against Central Nervous System Antigens and the Serum Levels of IL-32 in Patients with Schizophrenia

Keshavarz¹,

Soltani²,

Mokhtarian³

et al. 2022

Neuroimmunomodulation

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Background: Schizophrenia is a disease of the nervous system, and immune system disorders can affect its pathogenesis. Activation of microglia, proinflammatory cytokines, disruption of the blood-brain barrier due to inflammation, activation of autoreactive B cells, and consequently the production of autoantibodies against system antigens are among the immune processes involved in neurological diseases. Interleukin-32 (IL-32) is a proinflammatory cytokine that is essential in activating innate and adaptive immune responses. This study aimed to measure the serum level of IL-32 as well as the frequency of autoantibody positivity against several nervous system antigens in patients with schizophrenia. Material and Methods: This study was conducted on 40 patients with schizophrenia and 40 healthy individuals in the control group. Serum IL-32 levels were measured by ELISA. The frequency of autoantibodies against Hu, Ri, Yo, Tr, CV2, amphiphysin, SOX1, Zic4, ITPR1, CARP, glutamic acid decarboxylase GAD, recoverin, titin, and ganglioside antigens was measured by the indirect immunofluorescence method. Results: Serum IL-32 levels in patients with schizophrenia were significantly higher compared to the control group. The frequency of autoantibodies against GAD and RI antigens in patients with schizophrenia was significantly higher than in the control group. Autoantibodies were positive in 8 patients for GAD antigen and 5 patients for RI antigen. Autoantibodies were also positive in 2 patients for CV2, 1 patient for Hu, and 1 patient for CARP. Negative results were reported for other antigens. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that elevated the serum IL-32 level and autoantibodies against GAD and RI antigens may be a reflection of immune system dysregulation in patients with schizophrenia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoantibodies against Central Nervous System Antigens and the Serum Levels of IL-32 in Patients with Schizophrenia

Keshavarz¹,

Soltani²,

Mokhtarian³

et al. 2022

Neuroimmunomodulation

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Maternal brain reactive antibodies profile in autism spectrum disorder: an update

2023

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with multifactorial etiologies involving both genetic and environmental factors. In the past two decades it has become clear that in utero exposure to toxins, inflammation, microbiome, and antibodies (Abs), may play a role in the etiology of ASD. Maternal brain-reactive Abs, present in 10–20% of mothers of a child with ASD, pose a potential risk to the developing brain because they can gain access to the brain during gestation, altering brain development during a critical period. Different maternal anti-brain Abs have been associated with ASD and have been suggested to bind extracellular or intracellular neuronal antigens. Clinical data from various cohorts support the increase in prevalence of such maternal brain-reactive Abs in mothers of a child with ASD compared to mothers of a typically developing child. Animal models of both non-human primates and rodents have provided compelling evidence supporting a pathogenic role of these Abs. In this review we summarize the data from clinical and animal models addressing the role of pathogenic maternal Abs in ASD. We propose that maternal brain-reactive Abs are an overlooked and promising field of research, representing a modifiable risk factor that may account for up to 20% of cases of ASD. More studies are needed to better characterize the Abs that contribute to the risk of having a child with ASD, to understand whether we can we predict such cases of ASD, and to better pinpoint the antigenic specificity of these Abs and their mechanisms of pathogenicity.

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Evaluation of antineuronal antibodies and 8-OHdG in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder: a case-control study

Cited by 2 publications

References 48 publications

Autoantibodies against Central Nervous System Antigens and the Serum Levels of IL-32 in Patients with Schizophrenia

Autoantibodies against Central Nervous System Antigens and the Serum Levels of IL-32 in Patients with Schizophrenia

Maternal brain reactive antibodies profile in autism spectrum disorder: an update

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