Evaluation of antimicrobial potential and surface morphology in thin films of titanium nitride and calcium phosphate on orthodontic brackets

Teixeira, Licia Pacheco; Gontijo, Leonardo Cabral; Júnior, Adonias Ribeiro Franco; Pereira, Monalessa Fábia; Schuenck, Ricardo Pinto; Malacarne-Zanon, Juliana

doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2020.04.024

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Antibacterial tests indicated a significant decrease in Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus mitis counts, regarding TiN-Cu-nanocoated archwires. In contrast, TiN coatings showed no reduction in Streptococcus mutas [38,39], indicating the importance of copper in the obtained results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Investigation of Ion Release and Antibacterial Properties of TiN-Cu-Nanocoated Nitinol Archwires

Ilić,

Petrović,

Marinković

et al. 2023

Coatings

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Background: The use of nitinol (NiTi) archwires in orthodontic treatment has increased significantly due to unique mechanical properties. The greatest obstacle for safe orthodontic treatment is chemically or microbiologically induced corrosion, resulting in nickel (Ni) release. The aim of this investigation was to enhance corrosion resistance and introduce antibacterial properties to NiTi archwires by coating them with copper (Cu) doper titanium nitride (TiN-Cu). Methods: NiTi archwires were coated with TiN-Cu using cathodic arc evaporation (CAE) and direct current magnetron sputtering (DC-MS). The morphology of the sample was analyzed via field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and chemical composition was assessed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used to estimate the ion release. The biocompatibility of samples was investigated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Antibacterial activity was tested against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus mitis. Results: Physicochemical characterization revealed well-designed coatings with the presence of TiN phase with incorporated Cu. TiN-Cu-nanocoated archwires showed a statistically lower Ni release (p < 0.05). Relative cell viability was the highest in 28-day eluates of TiN-Cu-nanocoated archwires (p < 0.05). The most remarkable decrease in Streptococcus mitis concentrations was observed in the case of TiN-Cu-coated archwires (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Taking into account biocompatibility and antibacterial tests, TiN-Cu-nanocoated archwires may be considered as a good candidate for further clinical investigations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Investigation of Ion Release and Antibacterial Properties of TiN-Cu-Nanocoated Nitinol Archwires

Ilić,

Petrović,

Marinković

et al. 2023

Coatings

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“…Titanium nitride is also considered to have an antibacterial effect, although TiN is not as antibacterial as TiO 2 and carbon nitride (CN x ) [ 29 ]. However, the study by Licia Pacheco Teixeira et al concluded that neither TiN nor titanium nitride doped with calcium phosphate (TNCP) films interfere with the attachment of Streptococcus mutans to the surface of the bracket, meaning that this coating has no antiadhesive effect and does not reduce the growth of Streptococcus mutans [ 135 ]. Moreover, the use of TiN as the surface coating may increase the surface friction [ 29 ].…”

Section: Antibacterial Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Surface Coatings on Orthodontic Appliances: Reviews of Friction Reduction, Antibacterial Properties, and Corrosion Resistance

Zhang

Han

Liu

2023

IJMS

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Surface coating technology is an important way to improve the properties of orthodontic appliances, allowing for reduced friction, antibacterial properties, and enhanced corrosion resistance. It improves treatment efficiency, reduces side effects, and increases the safety and durability of orthodontic appliances. Existing functional coatings are prepared with suitable additional layers on the surface of the substrate to achieve the abovementioned modifications, and commonly used materials mainly include metal and metallic compound materials, carbon-based materials, polymers, and bioactive materials. In addition to single-use materials, metal-metal or metal-nonmetal materials can be combined. Methods of coating preparation include, but are not limited to, physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical deposition, sol-gel dip coating, etc., with a variety of different conditions for preparing the coatings. In the reviewed studies, a wide variety of surface coatings were found to be effective. However, the present coating materials have not yet achieved a perfect combination of these three functions, and their safety and durability need further verification. This paper reviews and summarizes the effectiveness, advantages and disadvantages, and clinical perspectives of different coating materials for orthodontic appliances in terms of friction reduction, antibacterial properties, and enhanced corrosion resistance, and discusses more possibilities for follow-up studies as well as for clinical applications in detail.

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“…Teixeira et al [430] attempted to improve the surface properties of SS brackets by depositing single and calcium phosphate (CaPa)-containing TiN coatings via the cathodic cage method. Unfortunately, these coatings were unable to prevent the formation of S. mutans biofilms on the surface [430].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: Causes, Concerns, and Mitigation Strategies

Fróis,

Santos,

Louro

2023

Metals

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The orthodontic supply market is a prosperous billion-dollar industry, driven by an increasing demand for orthodontic appliances. The supremacy of metallic first-generation biomaterials is evident for manufacturing brackets, archwires, bands, and other components due to their well-recognized chemical inertness, spontaneous passivation, biocompatibility, and favorable mechanical properties combination. However, the oral cavity is the ultimate corrosion-promoting environment for any metallic material. In this work, the general picture of the intraoral degradation of fixed orthodontic appliances is first addressed, from the causes to the harmful effects and their oral clinical implications. Current mitigation strategies are also pointed out, including the alloys’ bulk composition adjustment combined with new and advanced manufacturing processes and/or their surface treatment or coating deposition. The versatile use of thin films and coatings stands out with different deposition technologies: Many in vivo and in vitro efforts have been devoted to oral aging, from monolithic to composite architectures and micro- to nano-scale materials, to meet the best and safest oral practice demands. Unfortunately, literature data suggest that even the existing commercially available protective coatings have drawbacks and are fallible. Further multidisciplinary research is still required to effectively mitigate the corrosion behavior of fixed orthodontic appliances.

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Evaluation of antimicrobial potential and surface morphology in thin films of titanium nitride and calcium phosphate on orthodontic brackets

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Investigation of Ion Release and Antibacterial Properties of TiN-Cu-Nanocoated Nitinol Archwires

Investigation of Ion Release and Antibacterial Properties of TiN-Cu-Nanocoated Nitinol Archwires

Functional Surface Coatings on Orthodontic Appliances: Reviews of Friction Reduction, Antibacterial Properties, and Corrosion Resistance

Corrosion of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: Causes, Concerns, and Mitigation Strategies

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