Evaluation of antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of four Turkish species of Eryngium L.

Abstract

The antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of various endemic and non-endemic Eryngium species from Turkey were investigated. Nine endemic and two non-endemic Eryngium species were analyzed using a microdilution assay for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. Cytotoxic activities of E. pseudothoriifolium, E. thorifolium, E. davisii, and E. falcatum, on prostate carcinoma and endometrial cancer cells were analyzed by cytotoxic activity assay. It was observed that 16 out of 22 extracts (aerial or root part) showed antibacterial activities. Fifteen out of 22 extracts showed antifungal activity with the lowest MIC (156 mg/l) value against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and C. tropicalis ATCC 750. Aerial parts of E. pseudothoriifolium, E. thorifolium, E. davisii, and E. falcatum exhibited cytotoxic effects on endometrial cancer cells. This evaluation of tested endemic Eryngium species’ antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities is the first of its kind.

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“…[ 46 ]. Finally, it has been demonstrated that E. falcatum exhibits modest antibacterial activity against S. epidermidis and of S. aureus [ 77 ].…”

“…In another study investigating the essential oil of C. flammula, the major compound identified was furan protoanemonin (75) [138]. According to the study by Boroomand et al (2018), the main constituents of R. arvensis essential oil include polycyclic sesquiterpene guaiol (76), caryophyllene (59), terpenoid spathulenol (77), and the bicyclic monoterpene ketone camphor (47) [139]. The literature review indicates that there is considerable variation in the essential oil composition among different species of Eryngium as well as within the same species.…”

“…Fruit and leaf oils are primarily composed of sesquiterpenes, with germacrene D (79), a monocyclic sesquiterpene, being the most prevalent component in this class. Other important compounds in the fruit oil include cyclic hydrocarbon γ-elemene (87) and terpenoid β-ylangene (88), while terpenoid spathulenol (77) and hydrocarbon neophytadiene (89) are the primary components of the leaf oil. The root oil contains mainly oxygenated monoterpenes such as menthol (90), menthone (91), and the terpenoid menthyl acetate (92).…”