Evaluation of Antihyperglycemia and Antihypertension Potential of Native Peruvian Fruits UsingIn VitroModels

Abstract

Local food diversity and traditional crops are essential for cost-effective management of the global epidemic of type 2 diabetes and associated complications of hypertension. Water and 12% ethanol extracts of native Peruvian fruits such as Lucuma (Pouteria lucuma), Pacae (Inga feuille), Papayita arequipeña (Carica pubescens), Capuli (Prunus capuli), Aguaymanto (Physalis peruviana), and Algarrobo (Prosopis pallida) were evaluated for total phenolics, antioxidant activity based on 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay, and functionality such as in vitro inhibition of alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) relevant for potential management of hyperglycemia and hypertension linked to type 2 diabetes. The total phenolic content ranged from 3.2 (Aguaymanto) to 11.4 (Lucuma fruit) mg/g of sample dry weight. A significant positive correlation was found between total phenolic content and antioxidant activity for the ethanolic extracts. No phenolic compound was detected in Lucuma (fruit and powder) and Pacae. Aqueous extracts from Lucuma and Algarrobo had the highest alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Papayita arequipeña and Algarrobo had significant ACE inhibitory activities reflecting antihypertensive potential. These in vitro results point to the excellent potential of Peruvian fruits for food-based strategies for complementing effective antidiabetes and antihypertension solutions based on further animal and clinical studies.

Inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities by ethanolic extract of Telfairia occidentalis (fluted pumpkin) leaf

“…A property that confers advantage over synthetic drugs such as Acarbose; use by diabetics in the management of postprandial blood glucose, which strongly inhibit 毩-amylase. Stronger inhibition of 毩-glucosidase activity and mild inhibition of 毩-amylase activity of the vegetable extracts could address the major drawback of currently used 毩-glucosidase and 毩-amylase inhibitor drugs with side effects such as abdominal distention, flatulence, meteorism and possibly diarrhea [28] . It has been suggested that such adverse effects might be caused by the excessive pancreatic 毩-amylase inhibition resulting in the abnormal bacterial fermentation of undigested carbohydrates in the colon [3] .…”

Influence of drying temperature on dietary fibre, rehydration properties, texture and microstructure of Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.)

“…They are protected by papery husks that act as a protecting shield against insects, birds, diseases and adverse climatic situations (Ramadan and Morsel 2003;Hassanien 2011;Puente et al 2011). The benefits associated to Cape gooseberry are mainly due to its nutritional composition as well as to the presence of its bioactive components (Pinto et al 2009;Puente et al 2011;Hassanien 2011). In addition, they are an excellent source of provitamin A, vitamin C, iron, and some of the vitamin Bcomplex (Salazar et al 2008).…”

“…Nowadays, there is growing recognition of the potential role of functional foods in helping to reduce health risks and improve health (Pinto et al 2009;Betoret et al 2011). Dehydration is one of the most important unit operations used in formulation of a functional food product (Oliveira et al 2008).…”

Toxicidad, actividad antioxidante in vitro e hipoglicemiante in vitro e in vivo del extracto acuoso de Juglans neotropica Diels (nogal peruano)

“…Debido a la diversidad biológica de nuestro país, se cuentan con muchos ejemplos de plantas medicinales peruanas que han probado actividad hipoglicemiante (10)(11)(12) ; sin embargo, estos estudios representan solo una pequeña proporción de las plantas que han sido reportadas como "de uso tradicional" y que se siguen utilizando como alternativas terapéuticas en muchos lugares del país (13) .…”