Evaluation of Antiherpetic Activity and Genotoxic Effects of Tea Catechin Derivatives

Abstract

This study evaluated the antiherpetic activity and genotoxicity of catechin and some of its derivatives using the MTT colorimetric and comet assays, respectively. The results showed that all compounds have antiviral activity with selective indices varying from 1.3 to 13, depending on the tested HSV-1 strain. It was observed that the same concentration of the compounds that protects the Vero cells against the viral infection induces genotoxicity. It was also observed that the molecules containing three hydroxyl groups on the B ring caused less DNA damage and showed better antiviral effect than those with two hydroxyls on the same ring, but if there is an additional galloyl group, these results can be altered. The bioavailability and stereochemistry could be related to the antiviral and genotoxic effects detected.

Antiviral Mechanism of Action of Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate and Its Fatty Acid Esters

“…In 2006, Savi et al [6] reported that EGC ( 12 ) and GC ( 13 ), both of which have three hydroxyl groups at the B-ring, caused less DNA damage and the effective concentrations required to inhibit 50% of virus replications (EC 50 ) against two different viral strains, HSV-1 (strain KOS) and HSV-1 (strain 29-R), were 173.56 μM and 70.42 μM with 12 , and 103.32 μM and 140.11 μM with 13 , respectively. While C ( 16 ) and EC ( 15 ), as compounds with two hydroxyls on the B-ring, against HSV-1 (strain KOS) and HSV-1 (strain 29-R) were less effective and the EC 50 values were 630.00 μM and 629.38 μM with 16 , and 458.57 μM and 107.14 μM with 15 , respectively.…”

“…Regarding these biological properties, EGCG ( 1 ) has been reported to possess a broad spectrum of antiviral activities against DNA viruses such as herpes simplex virus (HSV; Herpesviridae ) [5,6,7,8,9,10,11], adenovirus ( Adenoviridae ) [10,12], human papilloma virus (HPV; Papovaviridae ) [13], and hepatitis B virus (HBV; Hepadnaviridae ) [14], and against (+)-RNA viruses such as hepatitis C virus (HCV; Flaviviridae ) [10,15,16,17,18,19], Zika virus (ZIKV; Flaviviridae ) [20,21,22,23], dengue virus (DENV; Flaviviridae ) [23,24], West Nile viruses (WNV; Flaviviridae ) [23], Chikungunya virus (CHIKV; Togaviridae ) [25], and Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory virus (PRRS; Atteriviridae ) [26], and (−)-RNA viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; Retroviridae ) [27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36], Ebola virus (EBOV; Filoviridae ) [37] and influenza virus ( Orthomyxoviridae ) [2,10,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48]. …”

Optimization on condition of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) nanoliposomes by response surface methodology and cellular uptake studies in Caco-2 cells

“…Cell viability was determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) reduction assay [32,33]. Caco-2 cells (CBCAS, Shanghai, China) were cultured in DMEM (Gibco, Gaithersburg, MD, USA).…”

Antiviral effect of the egg wax of Amblyomma cajennense (Acari: Ixodidae)

“…The general procedures of the alkaline comet assay utilized were based on Singh et al (1988), with slight modifications according to Savi et al (2006). The experiment was performed in the dark to minimize any ambient light DNA damage due to ambient light.…”