Evaluation of Antifungal Phenolics from Helianthus tuberosus L. Leaves against Phytophthora capsici Leonian by Chemometric Analysis

Abstract

Phytophthora capsici Leonian causes destructive economical losses in pepper production, and a promising source of natural fungicides- Helianthus tuberosus leaves was reported. The antifungal activities of different extracts and compounds from H. tuberosus leaves against the phytopathogen, P. capsici Leonian, were examined by chemometric analysis, including HPLC-MS/MS and multivariate data analyses. Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminate analysis were applied to examine the four groups of H. tuberosus leaves samples, including crude extracts obtained by different methods, including refluxing, macerating, and refluxing under vacuum; four fractions, namely, petroleum ether (PE), chloroform (Chl), ethyl acetate (EA), and n-butanol (NB) fractions; the samples of three H. tuberosus cultivars; and the samples at three growth stages of cultivar Nan Yu. The phenolics contents were categorized based on 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,5-DiCQA), 1,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (1,5-DiCQA), 3-O-Caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA), and 4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (4,5-DiCQA), which were predominant in all the samples. Antifungal activity assay revealed that Chl and NB fractions were more active against P. capsici Leonian with lower IC50(half of maximal inhibitory concentration) values, whereas partial least squares-discriminate analysis suggested caffeoylquinic acid isomer(4-CQA), methyl-quercetin glycoside(MQG), and caffeic acid(CA) might be the main active components in H. tuberosus leaves against P. capsici Leonian. Furthermore, microscopic evaluation demonstrated structural deformities in P. capsici Leonian treated with Chl and NB fractions, indicating the antifungal effects of H. tuberosus leaves. These results imply that H. tuberosus leaves with a high concentration of phenolics might be a promising source of natural fungicides.

Unraveling the polypharmacology of a natural antifungal product, eugenol, against Rhizoctonia solani

“…[15][16][17][18] In recent years, plant metabolites with antifungal properties have attracted increasing attention because of their natural biodegradation and low toxicity to humans and animals. [19][20][21][22] Plant essential oils have minimal impact on non-target organisms and the environment, and are recommended in many integrated pest management programs to protect plants against pests and diseases. For example, the essential oils used on Frankliniella occidentalis Perg were obtained from Mentha pulegium and Thymus mastichina, with 50% (and 90%) lethal concentration values of 3.1 (3.8) and 3.6 (4.6) mg L −1 air, respectively; essential oils of M. spicata, M. piperita, T. vulgaris chemotype (CT) carvacrol and T. vulgaris chemotype (CT) thymol inhibited the mycelial growth of Rhizopus stolonifer with inhibition rates of 92.4%, 98.0%, 98.5%, and 9.8%, respectively.…”

Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Helianthus tuberosus L. Induces Anti-Diabetic, and Wound-Healing Activities in Insulin-Resistant Human Liver Cancer and Mouse Fibroblast Cells

“…It was found to be 21.03 ± 0.97 mg QE/g for Ht-EAF, 19.85 ± 0.21 mg QE/g for Ht-ME, 11.48 ± 0.11 mg QE/g for Ht-HF, and 6.27 ± 1.09 mg QE/g for Ht-MF. Taken together, the findings of the phytochemical quantifications in H. tuberosus revealed that phenols and flavonoids are abundantly present in the fractions that are responsible for its therapeutic potentials [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. Moreover, the total flavonoid content was significantly lower than the total phenolic content.…”

Combinatorial Effects of Soluble, Insoluble, and Organic Extracts from Jerusalem Artichokes on Gut Microbiota in Mice

“…The final collection rate of the organic extract was the lowest out of all the extracts, which is why quite a large amount of Jerusalem artichoke powder is required to identify organic extracts, which is costly and labor intensive. It is presumable that it consisted of lipids, such as essential oils, sesquiterpenes, and caffeoylquinic acids [ 52 , 53 ], based on current evidence. Additionally, previous research has noted that caffeoylquinic acids can increase Bifidobacterium levels [ 54 ], so it is possible that this essential oil, in particular, affected microbiota composition.…”